The selection and application of tiller number QTLs in modern wheat breeding.

IF 4.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Theoretical and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI:10.1007/s00122-025-04908-w

Xiangjun Lai, Zhiwei Zhu, Yuanfei Zhang, Yuxiu Liu, Tian Lu, Jinxia Qin, Shengbao Xu

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Abstract

Tiller number is a key factor influencing wheat plant architecture and yield potential. This study analyzed the variation in tiller number among 323 wheat accessions across nine environmental conditions. The results revealed a significant decrease in tiller number in modern cultivars compared to traditional landraces, indicating a trend in selective breeding for fewer tillers. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with tiller number on chromosomes 2D, 5A, and 6A. Haplotypes linked to reduced tiller number at three of these QTLs have been significantly selected and are predominantly found in various Chinese agroecological zones, positively affecting grain number and/or weight. These findings suggest that contemporary Chinese wheat breeding strategies have prioritized reducing tiller number while improving spike yield. Identifying selected haplotype combinations can further enhance breeding efforts aimed at optimizing the tiller number trait. This study provides insights into the genetic basis of tiller number QTLs and their relevance to wheat breeding practices.

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分蘖数qtl在现代小麦育种中的选择与应用。

分蘖数是影响小麦植株形态和产量潜力的关键因素。本研究分析了9种环境条件下323份小麦分蘖数的变化。结果表明，与传统地方品种相比，现代品种分蘖数显著减少，表明了分蘖数较少的选择性育种趋势。全基因组关联研究（GWASs）在染色体2D、5A和6A上发现了4个与分蘖数相关的数量性状位点（QTLs）。在这些qtl中，有3个与减少分蘖数相关的单倍型被显著选择，并且主要存在于中国各个农业生态区，对粒数和/或重量有积极影响。这些发现表明，当代中国小麦育种策略是在提高穗产量的同时优先减少分蘖数。确定选择的单倍型组合可以进一步加强以优化分蘖数性状为目标的育种工作。本研究揭示了分蘖数qtl的遗传基础及其与小麦育种实践的相关性。

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来源期刊

Theoretical and Applied Genetics 生物-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

7.40%

发文量

241

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.