Treatment Experience Using a Micro-Induction Buprenorphine Protocol for Chronic Pain in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

Abstract

Background: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience painful vaso-occlusive episodes that increase with age; a subset develops chronic pain (CP). CP is usually managed with acute pain management guidelines despite evidence of ineffectiveness. Buprenorphine (BUP), a partial opioid agonist, is a potent analgesic with less euphoric effect and a respiratory "ceiling effect." BUP therefore provides an alternative "harm reduction" approach for CP management in pediatric SCD patients.

Methods: This single urban center retrospective study assessed the feasibility of inpatient transition to BUP-containing analgesics in adolescents with SCD and CP. Patients aged 12-20 years who transitioned from full opioid agonists (FOA) to BUP between December 2020 and September 2022 were included. Acute care utilization, hospital length of stay, and FOA use in both inpatient and outpatient settings were compared pre- and post-BUP induction for up to a year.

Results: Fourteen adolescents with SCD underwent inpatient BUP induction and maintenance therapy. Inpatient transition using a micro-induction approach was feasible and well tolerated in this population. There were low rates of adverse events, such as opioid withdrawal signs. Maintenance on BUP products was sustainable over the 1-year post-induction period. Three patients (21%) discontinued BUP during maintenance therapy. There was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in acute care utilization, length of stay, and FOA use (both inpatient and outpatient).

Conclusion: Inpatient micro-induction to BUP from FOA in adolescent SCD patients with CP is feasible with minimal signs of opioid withdrawal. This study suggests decreased acute care utilization with BUP.