Preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles Immobilized Ionic Liquids and Catalytic Synthesis of Bisphenol Compounds

IF 2.3 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Catalysis Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.1007/s10562-025-05060-2

Lihao Ma, Meng Ye, Xinxin Lu, Limei Yu, Zhanxian Gao

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Abstract

Aiming to overcome the high viscosity, separation difficulties, and industrial application limitations of conventional ionic liquids molecular catalytic systems, a series of composite catalysts that immobilized the functional ionic liquids to the magnetic nanoparticles were successfully prepared by non-covalently attaching sulfhydryl-containing organic salt onto the surface of nanoparticles. The structural characterization results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and VSM confirmed the successful immobilization and retention of superparamagnetic properties. The catalytic performance was evaluated in the condensation reaction of 9-fluorenone with phenol to produce 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene. Under optimal conditions (100 °C, 5 h, 1:6 substrate ratio, 0.2 equiv catalysts) achieved complete conversion of the substrate feedstock and accompanied by a product selectivity of 96.4%. The catalysts exhibited excellent recyclability (complete conversion of 9-fluorenone and > 90% selectivity of products after six cycles) and terrific selectivity for bisphenol products (e.g., bisphenol A, B, and Z) with high selectivity (74.6–93.1%). Compared to homogeneous ionic liquids and traditional acids catalysts, the immobilized ionic liquids (IILs) combined high catalytic activity with facile magnetic separation. This study indicates that magnetically IILs have potential applications in the catalytic synthesis of bisphenol compounds.

Graphical Abstract

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磁性纳米颗粒固定化离子液体的制备及双酚类化合物的催化合成

针对传统离子液体分子催化体系粘度高、分离困难、工业应用局限等问题，通过在纳米颗粒表面非共价附着含巯基的有机盐，成功制备了一系列将功能化离子液体固定在磁性纳米颗粒上的复合催化剂。FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS和VSM的结构表征结果证实了超顺磁性质的成功固定和保留。考察了9-芴酮与苯酚缩合反应生成9,9-双（4-羟基苯基）芴的催化性能。在最佳条件下（100°C, 5 h， 1:6底物比，0.2当量催化剂），底物原料完全转化，产物选择性为96.4%。催化剂具有良好的可回收性（9-芴酮完全转化，6次循环后产物选择性达90%），对双酚类产物（如双酚A、B和Z）具有很高的选择性（74.6-93.1%）。与均相离子液体和传统的酸类催化剂相比，固定化离子液体具有高催化活性和易磁分离的特点。本研究表明磁性il在催化合成双酚类化合物方面具有潜在的应用前景。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Catalysis Letters 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

327

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Catalysis Letters aim is the rapid publication of outstanding and high-impact original research articles in catalysis. The scope of the journal covers a broad range of topics in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis. The high-quality original research articles published in Catalysis Letters are subject to rigorous peer review. Accepted papers are published online first and subsequently in print issues. All contributions must include a graphical abstract. Manuscripts should be written in English and the responsibility lies with the authors to ensure that they are grammatically and linguistically correct. Authors for whom English is not the working language are encouraged to consider using a professional language-editing service before submitting their manuscripts.