Aurillia Manjella Ndiwa , John Mburu , Richard Mulwa , Chepchumba Chumo
{"title":"Ordered probit results of determinants of climate change vulnerability across different agricultural enterprises in Kenya","authors":"Aurillia Manjella Ndiwa , John Mburu , Richard Mulwa , Chepchumba Chumo","doi":"10.1016/j.cliser.2025.100578","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is significantly impacting small-scale farmers in Kenya, particularly those engaged in key agricultural enterprises; crop cultivation, livestock farming, and fish production. To design interventions and develop policies to address the challenges posed by climate change, it is important to gather evidence of the extent of household vulnerability and the related factors. This study assessed household vulnerability to climate change and identify contributing factors to guide effective interventions and policies. Using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index and ordered Probit regression model, data from 723 small-scale farmers were analyzed. The findings show that households relying solely on crop farming are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change than those combining two or more types of agricultural activities. Households that engaged in multiple farming enterprises such as mixing crops with livestock or fish farming were better prepared to cope with climate-related challenges. Additionally, households headed by younger or more educated individuals, with access to agricultural training and extension services, accessing credit, having membership in farming groups, and located closer to markets were generally less vulnerable. Based on these findings, the study recommends i) implementation of interventions that promote multi-enterprise farming and synergies to enable farmers to diversify risks, (ii) introducing affordable credit options for farmer households, facilitated through policy and other initiatives such as cooperatives, as means to reduce household vulnerability to climate change, and (iii) strengthening government meteorological and extension services to ensure timely and efficient dissemination of climate change-related information to farmers, facilitating the adoption of adaptation measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51332,"journal":{"name":"Climate Services","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Climate Services","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405880725000391","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Climate change is significantly impacting small-scale farmers in Kenya, particularly those engaged in key agricultural enterprises; crop cultivation, livestock farming, and fish production. To design interventions and develop policies to address the challenges posed by climate change, it is important to gather evidence of the extent of household vulnerability and the related factors. This study assessed household vulnerability to climate change and identify contributing factors to guide effective interventions and policies. Using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index and ordered Probit regression model, data from 723 small-scale farmers were analyzed. The findings show that households relying solely on crop farming are more vulnerable to the effects of climate change than those combining two or more types of agricultural activities. Households that engaged in multiple farming enterprises such as mixing crops with livestock or fish farming were better prepared to cope with climate-related challenges. Additionally, households headed by younger or more educated individuals, with access to agricultural training and extension services, accessing credit, having membership in farming groups, and located closer to markets were generally less vulnerable. Based on these findings, the study recommends i) implementation of interventions that promote multi-enterprise farming and synergies to enable farmers to diversify risks, (ii) introducing affordable credit options for farmer households, facilitated through policy and other initiatives such as cooperatives, as means to reduce household vulnerability to climate change, and (iii) strengthening government meteorological and extension services to ensure timely and efficient dissemination of climate change-related information to farmers, facilitating the adoption of adaptation measures.
期刊介绍:
The journal Climate Services publishes research with a focus on science-based and user-specific climate information underpinning climate services, ultimately to assist society to adapt to climate change. Climate Services brings science and practice closer together. The journal addresses both researchers in the field of climate service research, and stakeholders and practitioners interested in or already applying climate services. It serves as a means of communication, dialogue and exchange between researchers and stakeholders. Climate services pioneers novel research areas that directly refer to how climate information can be applied in methodologies and tools for adaptation to climate change. It publishes best practice examples, case studies as well as theories, methods and data analysis with a clear connection to climate services. The focus of the published work is often multi-disciplinary, case-specific, tailored to specific sectors and strongly application-oriented. To offer a suitable outlet for such studies, Climate Services journal introduced a new section in the research article type. The research article contains a classical scientific part as well as a section with easily understandable practical implications for policy makers and practitioners. The journal''s focus is on the use and usability of climate information for adaptation purposes underpinning climate services.