Experimental evidence of dust‐driven shifts in production, chlorophyll a, and community composition in mountain lakes

IF 3.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY
Jiahao Wen, Sarah C. P. Chan, Zachary T. Aanderud, Jill S. Baron, Sudeep Chandra, James J. Elser, DeTiare L. Leifi, Erin Suenaga, Bonnie G. Waring, Janice Brahney
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Abstract

Drought and human land use have increased dust emissions in the western United States. However, the ecological sensitivity of remote lakes to dust deposition is not well understood and to date has largely been assessed through spatial and temporal correlations. Using in situ bioassays, we investigated the effects of dust enrichment on the production, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration, and taxonomic composition of phytoplankton and microbial communities in three western US mountain lakes. We found that dust‐derived nutrients increased Chl a concentration in all three lakes, but the magnitude of the effect varied from 32% to 226%. This variation was related to pre‐existing lake conditions, such as trophic status, pH, and nutrient limitation. In Castle Lake, co‐limited by N and P, dust bioassays showed an increase in Chl a content per cell but suppressed primary production and increased dark 14C uptake. In contrast, both Flathead Lake and The Loch were primarily P‐limited and exhibited increases in Chl a concentration. The contrasting Chl a and primary production results from Castle Lake are consistent with the alleviation of nitrogen limitation where energy Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used for nutrient assimilation instead of carbon fixation. Dust additions also altered the algal and microbial communities. The latter included the addition of new phyla (e.g., Deinococcota), indicating that dust‐delivered microbes have the potential to thrive in receiving lakes. Our study provides the first short‐term experimental in situ evidence of rapid ecosystem effects in mountain lakes following dust exposure. The results emphasize the need for continued research in this area to understand interactions of both the short‐ and long‐term consequences of dust‐induced perturbations in remote lakes in the context of global changes.
沙尘驱动山地湖泊生产、叶绿素a和群落组成变化的实验证据
干旱和人类土地利用增加了美国西部的粉尘排放。然而,偏远湖泊对粉尘沉积的生态敏感性尚未得到很好的了解,迄今为止主要是通过空间和时间相关性来评估的。采用原位生物测定方法,研究了粉尘富集对美国西部3个山地湖泊浮游植物和微生物群落产量、叶绿素a (Chl a)浓度、分类组成的影响。我们发现,粉尘来源的营养物增加了三个湖泊的Chl - a浓度,但影响幅度从32%到226%不等。这种变化与先前存在的湖泊条件有关,如营养状况、pH值和营养限制。在城堡湖,受氮和磷的共同限制,粉尘生物测定显示每个细胞Chl a含量增加,但抑制初级生产和增加暗14C吸收。相比之下,平头湖和The Loch主要受P‐限制,Chl - a浓度增加。城堡湖Chl a和初级生产结果的对比与氮限制的缓解是一致的,能量三磷酸腺苷(ATP)被用于营养同化而不是固定碳。灰尘的添加也改变了藻类和微生物群落。后者包括增加新的门(例如,Deinococcota),这表明灰尘传递的微生物有可能在接收湖泊中茁壮成长。我们的研究提供了第一个短期原位实验证据,证明山地湖泊在粉尘暴露后对生态系统的快速影响。这些结果强调了在这一领域继续研究的必要性,以了解全球变化背景下偏远湖泊中尘埃引起的扰动的短期和长期后果的相互作用。
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来源期刊
Limnology and Oceanography
Limnology and Oceanography 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
254
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography (L&O; print ISSN 0024-3590, online ISSN 1939-5590) publishes original articles, including scholarly reviews, about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal''s unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic systems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic system examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to field environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Few purely theoretical or purely empirical papers are accepted for review.
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