Fire severity strongly shapes soil enzyme activities in terrestrial ecosystems: insights from a meta-analysis

IF 3.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Hua Chai, Michelle C. Mack, Jie Li, Guiyao Zhou, Jing Wang, Ruiqiang Liu, Zhenggang Du, Hongyang Chen, Yanghui He, Guang Yang, Long Sun, Xuhui Zhou
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Abstract

Background and aims

Fire has profound consequences for biogeochemical processes, largely mediated by soil enzyme activities (EAs). As climate-induced wildfire activity intensifies, understanding the influence of fire severity on soil EAs has become increasingly critical due to the dual role of fire in disrupting and restructuring ecosystem functions.

Methods

In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the impact of fire severity on soil EAs with 368 field studies across 86 publications. Based on this, further analysis was conducted on the differences in soil EAs across ecosystems following varying fires severities. Additionally, the driving mechanisms of soil EAs in response to fires of different severities were explored.

Results

The results revealed that fire severity (low, moderate, and high) was the dominant factor influencing soil EAs, with increasingly negative effects observed along the gradient low- to high-severity fires. Among ecosystem type, forest and shrubland ecosystems exhibited greater sensitivity to fire severity, whereas grasslands showed comparatively minimal response. Fire effects on soil EAs were primarily driven by fire-induced reductions in soil microbial biomass and organic matter, with soil EAs showing a significant positive correlation to both variables. Notably, moderate-severity fires were associated with post-fire recovery, with soil EAs recovering and eventually exceeding pre-fire levels.

Conclusion

This study provides critical insights into how fire severity shapes soil EAs, advancing our understanding of soil functional dynamics and ecosystem recovery following fire disturbances. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the development of ecosystem restoration strategies to mitigate the impacts of fire severity.

火灾严重程度强烈影响陆地生态系统中土壤酶活动:来自荟萃分析的见解
背景和目的火灾对生物地球化学过程具有深远的影响,主要由土壤酶活性(EAs)介导。随着气候引起的野火活动的加剧,了解火灾严重程度对土壤ea的影响变得越来越重要,因为火灾在破坏和重建生态系统功能方面具有双重作用。方法在本研究中,对86篇出版物中的368项实地研究进行了荟萃分析,以评估火灾严重程度对土壤ea的影响。在此基础上,进一步分析了不同火灾严重程度下不同生态系统土壤ea的差异。此外,还探讨了不同烈度火灾下土壤ea的驱动机制。结果表明,低、中、高三级火情是影响土壤ea的主要因素,其负向影响程度在低、中、高三级火情梯度上呈递增趋势。在不同的生态系统类型中,森林和灌丛生态系统对火灾的敏感性较高,而草地对火灾的敏感性相对较低。火灾对土壤ea的影响主要是由火灾引起的土壤微生物生物量和有机质的减少驱动的,土壤ea与这两个变量呈显著的正相关。值得注意的是,中度严重的火灾与火灾后的恢复有关,土壤ea恢复并最终超过火灾前的水平。本研究对火灾严重程度如何影响土壤ea提供了重要见解,促进了我们对火灾干扰后土壤功能动力学和生态系统恢复的理解。这些研究结果为制定减轻火灾影响的生态系统恢复策略提供了理论基础。
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来源期刊
Plant and Soil
Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
8.20%
发文量
543
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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