Hydrophobic CuS nanoparticle entrapment and release from lignin-derived nanoparticles

IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Nanoparticle Research Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI:10.1007/s11051-025-06327-w

Alvaro G. Garcia, Fannyuy V. Kewir, Yi Wang, Carlos E. Astete, Jason C. White, Cristina M. Sabliov

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Food insecurity and environmental concerns call for increasing efficiency and sustainability of current agricultural practices. Copper-based agrochemicals, widely used to protect crops from diseases, pose risks to non-target microorganisms and groundwater due to their uncontrolled application. This study addresses these challenges by developing a controlled delivery system for Cu-based agrochemicals, enhancing their efficacy and minimizing environmental impact in agricultural applications. We investigated the synthesis of CuS nanoparticles (NPs), followed by surface modification and entrapment of hydrophobic CuS NPs in engineered lignin NPs. CuS NPs exhibited a size between 8.8±1.3 and 14.7±3.3 nm, depending on the duration of the reaction, 15 to 30 min, respectively. Surface modification of CuS NPs with 1-octadecanethiol (ODT), a thiol with 18 carbons (R-SH), resulted in hydrophobic CuS NPs. FTIR revealed a layered assembly due to arranged alkyl chains on the CuS surface. Separately, two types of lignin, alkali (ALN) and sodium ligninsulfonate (SLN), were grafted with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) at 1:1 and 2:1 w/w ratios to form amphiphilic polymers, which were assembled into delivery systems for the CuS NPs. Hydrophobic CuS were successfully entrapped into LN-PLGA delivery systems to control the release of CuS under aqueous solutions. SLN-PLGA NPs were generally smaller (122 to 130 nm) compared to ALN-PLGA NPs (132–162 nm). Release of Cu and S from the ALN-PLGA delivery systems exhibited a consistent release of S at 0.49 ppm (0.6%) for 7 days while a slow dissolution of Cu of 0.02 ppm (0.02%) was observed over the same time frame. In conclusion, CuS NPs were successfully synthesized and modified, allowing their entrapment into LNP delivery systems with different properties, and controlled release over time. The lignin-based delivery systems are proposed as feasible alternatives for the efficient delivery of CuS in nanoform, utilizing an abundant biodegradable resource for improving plant health.

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疏水cu纳米颗粒在木质素衍生纳米颗粒中的吸附与释放

粮食不安全和环境问题要求提高现行农业做法的效率和可持续性。铜基农用化学品广泛用于保护作物免受病害，但由于其不受控制的使用，对非目标微生物和地下水构成风险。本研究通过开发一种铜基农用化学品的受控输送系统，提高其在农业应用中的功效并最大限度地减少对环境的影响，解决了这些挑战。我们研究了cu纳米颗粒（NPs）的合成，然后在工程木质素NPs中进行表面改性和疏水性cu NPs的包埋。根据反应时间的不同，CuS NPs的尺寸在8.8±1.3 ~ 14.7±3.3 nm之间，分别为15 ~ 30min。1-十八碳硫醇（1-十八碳硫醇，R-SH）对CuS NPs进行表面修饰，得到疏水性CuS NPs。FTIR显示，由于烷基链排列在cu表面，形成了层状组装。将碱（ALN）和木质素磺酸钠（SLN）分别以1:1和2:1的w/w比例与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸（PLGA）接枝，形成两亲性聚合物，组装成cu NPs的递送体系。疏水cu被成功地包裹在LN-PLGA递送系统中，以控制cu在水溶液中的释放。与ALN-PLGA NPs （132-162 nm）相比，SLN-PLGA NPs通常更小（122 - 130 nm）。Cu和S在ALN-PLGA递送系统中的释放表现为S在0.49 ppm（0.6%）下持续释放7天，而Cu在相同时间内缓慢溶解0.02 ppm（0.02%）。综上所述，我们成功地合成和修饰了CuS NPs，使它们能够被包裹在不同性质的LNP递送系统中，并随着时间的推移控制释放。利用丰富的可生物降解资源，以改善植物健康为目的，提出了以木质素为基础的递送系统作为纳米形态高效递送cu的可行替代方案。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nanoparticle Research 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size. Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology. The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.