Spatiotemporally-patterned biomaterials for organoid culture

Abstract

Spatiotemporally-patterned biomaterials have emerged as powerful tools for enhancing organoid development and functionality by recreating the dynamic complexity of native tissues. Recent innovations in photopatterning, bioprinting, and stimuli-responsive materials have expanded our ability to control the cellular microenvironment with remarkable precision. These advances have significantly improved our ability to control organoid development, leading to better structural organization and functionality. However, transitioning from proof-of-concept studies to standardized, scalable platforms remains challenging. Breakthrough technologies developed in recent years have transformed organoid applications and accelerated their translation. We suggest that the integration of multiple control systems, especially through microfluidics and “smart” materials, offers the most promising path toward realizing the full potential of organoid technologies.