Roles of microRNAs carried by exosomes in glioblastoma microenvironment

IF 0.7 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Ayşe Keskin Günay , Zeynep Demirel , Nilay Dinçkurt , Esranur Kopal , Pınar Obakan Yerlikaya
{"title":"Roles of microRNAs carried by exosomes in glioblastoma microenvironment","authors":"Ayşe Keskin Günay ,&nbsp;Zeynep Demirel ,&nbsp;Nilay Dinçkurt ,&nbsp;Esranur Kopal ,&nbsp;Pınar Obakan Yerlikaya","doi":"10.1016/j.humgen.2025.201423","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive type of glioma affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Patient survival is typically less than one year and decreases with various mutations, deletions, and amplifications. The treatment of GBM is usually challenging since drug candidates that can cross the blood-brain barrier with low side effects are limited. The initial treatment for GBM involves surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy and administration of temozolomide (TMZ) as the primary adjuvant therapy. Following TMZ treatment, most patients experience tumor recurrence due to TMZ resistance within the first year. Given the intratumoral heterogeneity, elucidating the tumor microenvironment (TME) is paramount. Exosomes, a class of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cells into TME, are responsible for intercellular communication. The content of exosomes, originating from early endosomes and then from late endosomes, is exceptionally rich in oncogenic proteins, angiogenic factors, coding, and non-coding RNA, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomal miRNAs are critical in driving GBM pathogenesis. They contribute to disease progression, metastasis, cancer development, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Additionally, exosomal miRNAs influence the cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of glioma cells, making them potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response prediction. This review discusses exosomal miRNA functions in GBM progression and highlights their potential clinical applications. Also, this review summarizes available databases for identifying exosome-associated miRNAs and exploring their functional roles in GBM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29686,"journal":{"name":"Human Gene","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 201423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Human Gene","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277304412500049X","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive type of glioma affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Patient survival is typically less than one year and decreases with various mutations, deletions, and amplifications. The treatment of GBM is usually challenging since drug candidates that can cross the blood-brain barrier with low side effects are limited. The initial treatment for GBM involves surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy and administration of temozolomide (TMZ) as the primary adjuvant therapy. Following TMZ treatment, most patients experience tumor recurrence due to TMZ resistance within the first year. Given the intratumoral heterogeneity, elucidating the tumor microenvironment (TME) is paramount. Exosomes, a class of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cells into TME, are responsible for intercellular communication. The content of exosomes, originating from early endosomes and then from late endosomes, is exceptionally rich in oncogenic proteins, angiogenic factors, coding, and non-coding RNA, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Exosomal miRNAs are critical in driving GBM pathogenesis. They contribute to disease progression, metastasis, cancer development, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Additionally, exosomal miRNAs influence the cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of glioma cells, making them potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response prediction. This review discusses exosomal miRNA functions in GBM progression and highlights their potential clinical applications. Also, this review summarizes available databases for identifying exosome-associated miRNAs and exploring their functional roles in GBM.
外泌体携带的microrna在胶质母细胞瘤微环境中的作用
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是一种侵袭中枢神经系统(CNS)的恶性胶质瘤。患者的生存期通常不到一年,并且随着各种突变、缺失和扩增而减少。GBM的治疗通常具有挑战性,因为能够穿过血脑屏障且副作用低的候选药物有限。GBM的初始治疗包括手术切除,随后放射治疗和替莫唑胺(TMZ)作为主要辅助治疗。在TMZ治疗后,大多数患者在一年内因TMZ耐药而出现肿瘤复发。鉴于肿瘤内的异质性,阐明肿瘤微环境(TME)是至关重要的。外泌体是一类细胞外囊泡(ev),由细胞释放到TME中,负责细胞间通讯。外泌体起源于早期核内体,然后起源于晚期核内体,其内容异常丰富的致癌蛋白、血管生成因子、编码RNA和非编码RNA,如microRNAs (miRNAs)。外泌体mirna在驱动GBM发病机制中起关键作用。它们有助于疾病进展、转移、癌症发展、血管生成和耐药性。此外,外泌体mirna影响胶质瘤细胞的细胞迁移、增殖和分化,使其成为诊断、预后和治疗反应预测的潜在生物标志物。本文综述了外泌体miRNA在GBM进展中的作用,并强调了其潜在的临床应用。此外,本文还总结了鉴定外泌体相关mirna的现有数据库,并探讨了它们在GBM中的功能作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Human Gene
Human Gene Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (General), Genetics
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
54 days
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信