Plant-soil feedback from non-native communities increases pine invasion and re-invasion potential

IF 3.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Joanna L. Green, Lauren P. Waller, Warwick J. Allen, Kate H. Orwin, Pieter B. Pelser, Simeon Smaill, Ian A. Dickie
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Abstract

Background and aims

Individual plants and plant communities leave legacies in the soil that influence the future growth and success of subsequent plants grown in those soils However, direct tests of plant community legacies are rare. Understanding these is especially relevant for sites where invasion or re-invasion of non-native plants threatens restoration success.

Methods

We used soils modified by experimental plant communities to test which aspects of plant community structure create legacies that affect the initial growth and mycorrhizal community of Pinus contorta, a common invasive pine species in the Southern Hemisphere. These plant communities varied in several factors including presence of Pinus species and the proportion of other non-native species, nitrogen-fixers, and grasses.

Results

Pinus contorta seedlings grew largest in soils that were previously conditioned by Pinus individuals and by soils conditioned by communities of other non-native plants, or grasses. Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity on P. contorta roots was 19.7% less in soil with a Pinus legacy than in soil without Pinus legacy. Fungal communities were generally one of three types: dominated by Wilcoxina, or Inocybe, or without a dominant fungal taxon.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that legacy effects of plant communities on the diversity of mutualistic fungi and soil abiotic conditions can change the growth of P. contorta seedlings. This suggests some restoration sites, and particularly those with a previous history of Pinus species or high percentage of grasses or other non-native species, could be more vulnerable to invasion or reinvasion by P. contorta.

来自非本地群落的植物-土壤反馈增加了松树入侵和再入侵的可能性
背景和目的单个植物和植物群落在土壤中留下的遗产会影响在这些土壤中生长的后续植物的未来生长和成功。然而,对植物群落遗产的直接测试很少。了解这些对外来植物入侵或再入侵威胁到恢复成功的地方尤为重要。方法利用经实验植物群落改造的土壤,研究植物群落结构的哪些方面产生了影响南半球常见入侵树种曲松(Pinus contorta)初始生长和菌根群落的遗传。这些植物群落在几个因素上有所不同,包括松类物种的存在和其他非本地物种、固氮植物和禾本科植物的比例。结果在以松个体为条件条件的土壤和以其他非本地植物或禾草群落为条件条件的土壤中,弯叶松幼苗生长最快。有松林遗产的土壤中,柽柳根系外生菌根真菌多样性比无松林遗产的土壤低19.7%。真菌群落一般为三种类型之一:以Wilcoxina或Inocybe为主,或没有优势真菌分类单元。结论植物群落对共生真菌多样性和土壤非生物条件的遗留效应可以改变柽柳幼苗的生长。这表明,一些恢复地点,特别是那些以前有松类物种或草或其他非本地物种比例高的地方,可能更容易受到扭曲木的入侵或再入侵。
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来源期刊
Plant and Soil
Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
8.20%
发文量
543
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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