The baldcypress genome provides insights into the adaptive evolution of flooding stress tolerance.

IF 8.3 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI:10.1111/nph.70230

Ying Yang,Chaoguang Yu,Jianfeng Hua,Ziyang Wang,Tingting Chen,Qinglin Zhu,Hui You,Lei Xuan,Chengyi Tang,Yunlong Yin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The evolutionary history of gymnosperms suggests that most species struggle in wet environments. However, baldcypress (Taxodium distichum var. distichum) thrives in wetlands, making it a prime candidate for studying flood tolerance in gymnosperms. Our study aimed to explore the genetic basis of this flood tolerance. We accomplished the first chromosome-level genome assembly of baldcypress. Using Oryza sativa, Arabidopsis thaliana, baldcypress, and Taxus wallichiana, we compared gene expression, regulatory elements, and gene expansions between flood-tolerant and flood-intolerant plants. The baldcypress genome spans c. 7.82 Gb, containing 44 010 protein-coding genes. We identified 409 commonly upregulated and 668 commonly downregulated orthogroups, representing conserved flood-stress responses. Additionally, 352 orthogroups contained more upregulated genes in tolerant plants. Baldcypress appears to employ different evolutionary strategies than rice to withstand flooding. Both strategies involve the evolution of ERF-VII transcriptional activation and antioxidant pathways. However, each species expanded distinct nodes within these pathways. Additionally, the evolution of spliceosome genes in baldcypress and energy-producing genes in rice further reflects their differing evolutionary strategies. This study underscores the diversity and commonality of mechanisms underlying plant flood responses and tolerance, providing theoretical guidance for research on the genetic improvement of plant flooding tolerance.

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秃柏基因组提供了对洪水胁迫耐受性的适应性进化的见解。

裸子植物的进化史表明，大多数物种在潮湿的环境中挣扎。然而，裸柏（Taxodium distichum变种distichum）在湿地中生长旺盛，使其成为裸子植物耐洪性研究的主要候选者。我们的研究旨在探索这种抗洪能力的遗传基础。我们首次完成了秃顶柏树染色体水平的基因组组装。以水稻、拟南芥、baldcypress和红豆杉（Taxus wallichiana）为研究对象，比较了抗洪植物和抗洪植物的基因表达、调控元件和基因扩增。秃柏基因组全长约7.82 Gb，包含44 010个蛋白质编码基因。我们确定了409个通常上调的正群和668个通常下调的正群，代表了保守的洪水应激反应。此外，352个正群在耐受性植物中含有更多的上调基因。Baldcypress似乎采用了与水稻不同的进化策略来抵御洪水。这两种策略都涉及ERF-VII转录激活和抗氧化途径的进化。然而，每个物种在这些通路中扩展了不同的节点。此外，裸柏树剪接体基因和水稻产能基因的进化进一步反映了它们不同的进化策略。本研究揭示了植物抗洪机制的多样性和共性，为植物抗洪基因改良研究提供理论指导。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

New Phytologist 生物-植物科学

自引率

5.30%

发文量

728

期刊介绍： New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.