Low-Vision Rehabilitation Services in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Survey of Optometrists on Current Status and Future Directions.

Abstract

Background: Low vision (LV) is a significant public health challenge with profound effects on patients and their families. In Saudi Arabia, studies indicate a high prevalence of LV, yet low vision services (LVS) remain limited, with gaps in optometrist knowledge, training, and service accessibility. This study evaluates the current state of LV services, documents optometrist involvement, and identifies barriers to delivering LVS.

Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional study surveyed 275 optometrists using a validated, self-administered electronic questionnaire. Awareness, clinical practices, referral patterns, and perceived barriers were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed awareness levels and barriers, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.

Results: Moderate awareness of the WHO definition of LV was observed (70.1%), significantly higher among those with formal training (90.1%, p<0.001). Only 36.4% provided LV services, primarily in the central region. Low vision cases constituted 1% of patient loads for most participants (44.4%). Key barriers included device unavailability (68.4%), insufficient training (65.8%), and high costs (50.9%). Diabetic retinopathy (70.9%), glaucoma (63.3%), and hereditary conditions (46.5%) were leading causes of LV.

Conclusion: Critical gaps in LV care include insufficient awareness, uneven service distribution, and financial/training-related barriers. Enhancing education, improving affordability, and fostering multidisciplinary care are essential. Region-specific interventions are urgently needed to ensure equitable access to LVS across Saudi Arabia.