Race, discrimination, and mental health adversity in Canada.

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.17269/s41997-025-01021-9

Newsha Mahinpey, Afia Amoako, David R Williams, Arjumand Siddiqi

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Abstract

Objective: Canada is undergoing a crisis in mental health, and the federal government has established a strategy that is attentive to mental health among Black people. Our objective is to inform this work by understanding the relationships between race, discrimination, and mental health outcomes.

Methods: We obtained a sample of 17,526 respondents from the Canadian Community Health Survey Rapid Response Module on Experiences of Discrimination, which asked about respondent race and other sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, the validated Williams Everyday Discrimination Scale, and mental health outcomes (mood and anxiety disorders, substance use, and self-rated mental health). We ran descriptive statistics as well as crude, sociodemographic- and socioeconomic-adjusted logistic regressions to assess relationships in the overall sample between race and the Williams Discrimination Scale and between the Williams Discrimination Scale and mental health outcomes.

Results: Compared to white people, Black people had two to three times the odds of experiencing frequent discrimination, while Asian people were not statistically different from white people. Frequent experiences of everyday discrimination in the sample were associated with between 40% and two times the odds of experiencing adverse mental health outcomes, though white people had the highest prevalences of adverse mental health outcomes in the sample.

Conclusion: In Canada, experiences of discrimination can produce adverse mental health outcomes, and Black people in particular experience high degrees of discrimination compared to all other racial groups. National health surveys should contain larger and more representative samples of non-white individuals, which allow for more complex analyses.

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加拿大的种族、歧视和心理健康困境。

目标：加拿大正在经历一场心理健康危机，联邦政府制定了一项关注黑人心理健康的战略。我们的目标是通过了解种族、歧视和心理健康结果之间的关系来为这项工作提供信息。方法：我们从加拿大社区健康调查歧视经历快速反应模块中获得了17,526名受访者的样本，该样本询问了受访者的种族和其他社会人口统计学和社会经济特征、经过验证的威廉姆斯日常歧视量表以及心理健康结果（情绪和焦虑障碍、物质使用和自评心理健康）。我们进行了描述性统计以及粗略的、经社会人口统计学和社会经济学调整的逻辑回归，以评估整个样本中种族与威廉姆斯歧视量表之间的关系，以及威廉姆斯歧视量表与心理健康结果之间的关系。结果：与白人相比，黑人遭受频繁歧视的几率是白人的两到三倍，而亚洲人与白人没有统计学差异。样本中频繁的日常歧视经历与40%到两倍的不良心理健康结果的几率相关，尽管白人在样本中不良心理健康结果的患病率最高。结论：在加拿大，歧视经历会产生不良的心理健康结果，与所有其他种族群体相比，黑人尤其遭受高度歧视。国家健康调查应包含更大、更有代表性的非白人样本，以便进行更复杂的分析。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

4.70%

发文量

128

期刊介绍： The Canadian Journal of Public Health is dedicated to fostering excellence in public health research, scholarship, policy and practice. The aim of the Journal is to advance public health research and practice in Canada and around the world, thus contributing to the improvement of the health of populations and the reduction of health inequalities. CJPH publishes original research and scholarly articles submitted in either English or French that are relevant to population and public health. CJPH is an independent, peer-reviewed journal owned by the Canadian Public Health Association and published by Springer. Énoncé de mission La Revue canadienne de santé publique se consacre à promouvoir l’excellence dans la recherche, les travaux d’érudition, les politiques et les pratiques de santé publique. Son but est de faire progresser la recherche et les pratiques de santé publique au Canada et dans le monde, contribuant ainsi à l’amélioration de la santé des populations et à la réduction des inégalités de santé. La RCSP publie des articles savants et des travaux inédits, soumis en anglais ou en français, qui sont d’intérêt pour la santé publique et des populations. La RCSP est une revue indépendante avec comité de lecture, propriété de l’Association canadienne de santé publique et publiée par Springer.