The Effect of 5 A's self-management model on the perception of the heart diseases facts and adherence to treatment regimen among patients with type 2 diabetes: RCT study protocol.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. However, self-management educational programs could be implemented to increase diabetes patients' knowledge regarding the disease and its consequences, as well as adherence to the treatments. 5 A's self-management model, known as the behavior change approach, is one way to implement a self-management program. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the 5 A's self-management model on the perception of the heart diseases facts and adherence to treatment regimen among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: The present study is a three-stage clinical trial that includes two control and intervention groups. Seventy individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes will be selected from comprehensive health service centers and then divided into two groups. The study participants will complete the heart diseases facts questionnaire and adherence to the treatment regimen questionnaire before, immediately, and two months after the intervention. The intervention group will receive the 5 A's self-management model intervention consisting of five stages: assess, advise, agree, assist, and arrange. Afterward, the collected data will be analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Furthermore, the normality of the data will be measured using the Shapiro-Wilk test and a descriptive statistic will be employed to determine the frequency, mean, and standard deviation. Independent t-tests, repeated measures ANOVA, and Chi-square tests will be employed for data analysis.

Discussion: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the 5 A's self-management model on the perception of the heart diseases facts and adherence to treatment regimen among patients with type 2 diabetes. The interactive and participatory nature of this model will facilitate its clinical use; put simply, patients can benefit from this model as they receive education about their disease and its health risks. Furthermore, the findings of this study will provide health policymakers with valuable insights in regard to self-management improvement, as well as adherence to treatments among patients who are struggling with type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that the efficacy of this model be investigated on a larger scope, with respect to wider range of populations and diseases.