A review on multi-functional polyurethane (PU) coatings for fabric applications: Materials, processes and recent developments

IF 6.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Progress in Organic Coatings Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109377

Amar Srivastava , Subhankar Maity , Biswa Ranjan Das

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In the textile sector, polyurethane (PU) has become a crucial polymeric material for functional coatings, allowing for multipurpose improvements including germicidal, flame retardant, water repellent, ballistic and UV protection. These multifunctional PU coatings are typically applied onto various textile substrates using methods such as dip coating, knife coating, transfer coating, etc., ensuring uniform add-on and controlled thickness. Recently, waterborne PU (WPU) offers a sustainable alternative due to their low volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and superior performance characteristics. The incorporation of various additives like TiO₂ nanoparticles, flame-retardant chain extenders, nanometals, fluorocarbon, silicone and UV absorbers develops and enhances multifunctional properties like antibacterial effect (>90 % efficiency even after 30 washes), UV protection (UPF > 50+), water repellency (exhibiting contact angles exceeding 140°), fire resistance (limiting oxygen index (LOI) > 29.4 %), thermal stability, ballistic protection etc. This article summarizes chemistry of all these kinds of PUs, latest advancements in these coating technologies, achieved multi-functional properties, performances, and potential applications.

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综述了织物用多功能聚氨酯涂料的材料、工艺及最新进展

在纺织领域，聚氨酯（PU）已成为功能性涂料的关键聚合材料，可用于多种用途的改进，包括杀菌、阻燃、防水、防弹道和防紫外线。这些多功能PU涂料通常使用浸涂、刀涂、转移涂等方法涂在各种纺织基材上，确保均匀的附加和控制厚度。最近，水性聚氨酯（WPU）由于其低挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放和优越的性能特点而成为可持续发展的替代品。各种添加剂，如TiO2纳米颗粒、阻燃扩链剂、纳米金属、氟碳、有机硅和紫外线吸收剂的加入，开发并增强了多功能性能，如抗菌效果（30次洗涤后仍有90%的效率）、紫外线防护(UPF >；50+)，拒水性（接触角超过140°），耐火性(极限氧指数（LOI） >；29.4%)，热稳定性，弹道防护等。本文综述了这几种聚氨酯的化学性质、涂层技术的最新进展、所取得的多功能特性、性能以及潜在的应用前景。

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来源期刊

Progress in Organic Coatings 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.20%

发文量

577

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The aim of this international journal is to analyse and publicise the progress and current state of knowledge in the field of organic coatings and related materials. The Editors and the Editorial Board members will solicit both review and research papers from academic and industrial scientists who are actively engaged in research and development or, in the case of review papers, have extensive experience in the subject to be reviewed. Unsolicited manuscripts will be accepted if they meet the journal''s requirements. The journal publishes papers dealing with such subjects as: • Chemical, physical and technological properties of organic coatings and related materials • Problems and methods of preparation, manufacture and application of these materials • Performance, testing and analysis.