Pre‐existing phytoplankton biomass concentrations shape coastal plankton response to fire‐generated ash leachate

IF 3.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY
Nicholas Baetge, Kimberly H. Halsey, Erin J. Hanan, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Allen J. Milligan, Jason R. Graff, Parker Hansen, Craig A. Carlson, Rene M. Boiteau, Eleanor C. Arrington, Jacqueline Comstock, Elisa R. Halewood, Elizabeth L. Harvey, Norman B. Nelson, Keri Opalk, Brian Ver Wey
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Abstract

Climate‐driven warming is projected to intensify wildfires, increasing their frequency and severity globally. Wildfires are an increasingly significant source of atmospheric deposition, delivering nutrients, organic matter, and trace metals to coastal and open ocean waters. These inputs have the potential to fertilize or inhibit microbial growth, yet their ecological impacts remain poorly understood. This study examines how ash leachate, derived from the 2017 Thomas Fire in California and lab‐produced ash from Oregon vegetation, affects coastal plankton communities. Shipboard experiments off the California coast examined how pre‐existing plankton biomass concentrations mediate responses to ash leachates. We found that ash leachate contained dissolved organic matter (DOM) that significantly increased bacterioplankton specific growth rates and DOM remineralization rates but had a negligible effect on bacterioplankton growth efficiency, suggesting low DOM bioavailability. Furthermore, ash‐derived DOM had a higher potential to accumulate in high biomass water, where pre‐existing DOM substrates may better support bacterial metabolism. Ash leachate had a neutral to negative effect on phytoplankton division rates and decreased microzooplankton grazing rates, particularly in low biomass water, leading to increased phytoplankton accumulation. Nanoeukaryotes accumulated in low biomass water, whereas picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus accumulated in high biomass water. Our findings suggest that the influence of ash deposition on DOM cycling, phytoplankton accumulation, and broader marine food web dynamics depends on pre‐existing biomass levels. Understanding these interactions is critical for predicting the biogeochemical consequences of increasing wildfire activity on marine ecosystems.
预先存在的浮游植物生物量浓度影响沿海浮游生物对火灾产生的灰渗滤液的反应
预计气候驱动的变暖将加剧全球范围内的野火,增加其频率和严重程度。野火是大气沉积日益重要的来源,向沿海和开阔海域输送营养物质、有机物和微量金属。这些投入具有施肥或抑制微生物生长的潜力,但其生态影响仍然知之甚少。本研究探讨了2017年加利福尼亚州托马斯大火和俄勒冈州植被实验室产生的灰烬渗滤液如何影响沿海浮游生物群落。加利福尼亚海岸的船上实验研究了预先存在的浮游生物生物量浓度如何调节对灰渗滤液的反应。研究发现,灰渣渗滤液中溶解有机物(DOM)显著提高了浮游细菌的特定生长率和DOM再矿化率,但对浮游细菌的生长效率影响微不足道,表明DOM生物利用度较低。此外,灰分衍生的DOM在高生物量水中具有更高的积累潜力,在高生物量水中,预先存在的DOM底物可能更好地支持细菌代谢。灰渗滤液对浮游植物的分裂速率具有中性或负向影响,并降低了浮游动物的放牧速率,特别是在低生物量水域,导致浮游植物积累增加。纳米真核生物在低生物量水中积累,而微真核生物和聚球菌在高生物量水中积累。我们的研究结果表明,灰沉降对DOM循环、浮游植物积累和更广泛的海洋食物网动态的影响取决于预先存在的生物量水平。了解这些相互作用对于预测野火活动增加对海洋生态系统的生物地球化学影响至关重要。
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来源期刊
Limnology and Oceanography
Limnology and Oceanography 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
254
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography (L&O; print ISSN 0024-3590, online ISSN 1939-5590) publishes original articles, including scholarly reviews, about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal''s unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic systems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic system examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to field environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Few purely theoretical or purely empirical papers are accepted for review.
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