Defocus incorporated multiple segments spectacle lenses for myopia control: A retrospective study in a Turkish cohort.

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in controlling myopia progression and axial elongation in a Turkish paediatric population over a 12-month period.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 97 children (194 eyes), aged 6-16 years, who were prescribed either DIMS lenses (n = 54) or single vision spectacle lenses (SVSLs, n = 43). Cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and after 12 months. Treatment effectiveness was assessed using generalised estimating equations (GEE) and subgroup analyses were conducted based on age group, gender and baseline AL.

Results: After 12 months, the DIMS group exhibited significantly less myopia progression (-0.28 D [0.42]) compared with the SVSL group (-0.74 D [0.75]), indicating a 62% reduction in SER progression (p < 0.001). Axial elongation was also significantly lower in the DIMS group (0.14 mm [0.31]) than in the SVSL group (0.29 mm [0.31]), corresponding to a 52% reduction (p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that younger age and high baseline AL were consistently associated with greater SER progression and AL elongation across both groups. In the DIMS group, high baseline AL predicted poorer outcomes, but age and gender were not significant predictors.

Conclusions: DIMS spectacle lenses effectively reduced myopia progression and axial elongation in children compared with SVSLs. These lenses offer a safe and non-invasive method for myopia control, being especially beneficial for younger patients or those with higher baseline axial length.