The association of oral polio vaccine doses and severity of paralysis: an analysis of wild poliovirus type 1 cases in Pakistan.

IF 2.3
Mohammed Soghaier, Zainul Abedin Khan, Nada Mutahar Taqi, Mukhtiar Hussain Bhayo, Faisal Rashid Lodhi, Abdu R Rahman
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Abstract

Background: Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) transmission persists in Pakistan, with cases increasing from 6 in 2023 to 56 by November 2024, highlighting critical challenges in polio eradication efforts. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) doses and the severity of paralysis in the confirmed WPV1 cases in Pakistan.

Methods: We analysed all confirmed WPV1 cases reported in Pakistan from January 1, 2024, to November 15, 2024. Bivariate analyses were first conducted to explore initial associations. Firth, logistic regression models were then employed to evaluate the strength of these associations while adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: Higher bOPV doses were significantly associated with a lower risk of severe paralysis in both univariate analysis (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93, p = 0.009) and after adjustment for age and sex (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97, p = 0.026). For residual paralysis after 60 days of onset, univariate analysis showed a significant association (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.97, p = 0.026); however, this association was no longer statistically significant after adjustment (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.64-1.05, p = 0.115).

Conclusion: The study found a significant association between higher bOPV dose count and reduced paralysis severity in confirmed WPV1 cases. These findings suggest that bOPV may help to moderate the severity of paralysis, in addition to preventing WPV1 infection.

口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗剂量与麻痹严重程度的关系:巴基斯坦1型野生脊髓灰质炎病毒病例分析
背景:1型野生脊髓灰质炎病毒(WPV1)在巴基斯坦持续传播,病例从2023年的6例增加到2024年11月的56例,突出了根除脊髓灰质炎工作中的重大挑战。本研究的目的是评估巴基斯坦1型脊髓灰质炎确诊病例中双价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗(bOPV)剂量与麻痹严重程度之间的关系。方法:分析2024年1月1日至11月15日在巴基斯坦报告的所有WPV1确诊病例。首先进行双变量分析以探索初始关联。第四,然后采用逻辑回归模型来评估这些关联的强度,同时调整潜在的混杂因素。结果:在单因素分析(OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.93, p = 0.009)和调整年龄和性别后(OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97, p = 0.026)中,较高的bOPV剂量与较低的严重瘫痪风险显著相关。对于发病60天后的残余瘫痪,单因素分析显示有显著相关性(OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.97, p = 0.026);然而,调整后这种关联不再具有统计学意义(OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.64-1.05, p = 0.115)。结论:研究发现,在确诊的WPV1病例中,较高的bOPV剂量计数与降低的麻痹严重程度之间存在显著关联。这些发现表明,除了预防WPV1感染外,bOPV可能有助于减轻麻痹的严重程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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