Exploring the impact of the Big Five personality traits on cognitive performance in scientific reasoning: an ordered network analysis.

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Huimin Liu, Tai Wang, Zhiqiang Cai
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Scientific reasoning is essential for developing learners' higher-order thinking skills. Learners with different personality traits exhibit distinct behaviors and cognitive patterns in reasoning processes. However, school education often overlooks the cognitive patterns involved in scientific reasoning and rarely considers the impact of varying levels of personality traits on cognitive processes. This study aims to explore the impact of different personality traits on cognitive processes in scientific reasoning. We analyzed discussions from 70 university students during scientific reasoning tasks. Using ordered network analysis, we visualized epistemic networks to examine how personality traits shape cognitive processes during scientific reasoning. Significant differences emerged across the Big Five personality traits: For neuroticism, the low group adopted a bottom-up reasoning approach, beginning with concrete evidence before forming hypotheses, while the high group took a top-down, hypothesis-driven approach. For extraversion, the low group preferred independent problem-solving, whereas the high group actively engaged in social interactions to enhance reasoning. For openness, the low group showed a conservative style, contrasted by the high group's innovative thinking. For agreeableness, the low group was more independent, while the high group showed cooperation and attentiveness to others' views. Lastly, for conscientiousness, the low group exhibited a casual cognitive style, whereas the high group demonstrated goal-oriented thinking. These findings provide insights for incorporating personality factors into group formation, which is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of collaborative learning.

探索五大人格特质对科学推理认知表现的影响:有序网络分析。
科学推理对于培养学习者的高阶思维能力至关重要。不同人格特征的学习者在推理过程中表现出不同的行为和认知模式。然而,学校教育往往忽视了科学推理所涉及的认知模式,很少考虑到不同层次的人格特质对认知过程的影响。本研究旨在探讨不同人格特质对科学推理认知过程的影响。我们分析了70名大学生在科学推理任务中的讨论。使用有序网络分析,我们将认知网络可视化,以研究人格特质如何在科学推理过程中塑造认知过程。五大人格特征之间出现了显著差异:对于神经质,低水平组采用自下而上的推理方法,从具体证据开始,然后形成假设,而高水平组采用自上而下,假设驱动的方法。就外向性而言,低水平组倾向于独立解决问题,而高水平组则积极参与社会互动以增强推理能力。在开放性方面,低组表现出保守的风格,而高组则表现出创新的思维。在亲和性方面,低组更独立,而高组表现出合作和关注他人的观点。最后,在责任心方面,低组表现为随意的认知方式,而高组表现为目标导向的思维方式。这些发现为将个性因素纳入小组形成提供了见解,这对于提高协作学习的有效性至关重要。
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来源期刊
Cognitive Processing
Cognitive Processing PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
44
期刊介绍: Cognitive Processing - International Quarterly of Cognitive Science is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes innovative contributions in the multidisciplinary field of cognitive science.  Its main purpose is to stimulate research and scientific interaction through communication between specialists in different fields on topics of common interest and to promote an interdisciplinary understanding of the diverse topics in contemporary cognitive science. Cognitive Processing is articulated in the following sections:Cognitive DevelopmentCognitive Models of Risk and Decision MakingCognitive NeuroscienceCognitive PsychologyComputational Cognitive SciencesPhilosophy of MindNeuroimaging and Electrophysiological MethodsPsycholinguistics and Computational linguisticsQuantitative Psychology and Formal Theories in Cognitive ScienceSocial Cognition and Cognitive Science of Culture
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