The association between gestational diabetes mellitus and cancer in women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 1.6 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-05-18 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1007/s40200-025-01633-5
Kaiwan Mohammed Rostam Al-Jaf, Ghobad Moradi, Abbas Aghaei, Farhad Moradpour, Yousef Moradi
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Abstract

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the risk of various cancers, including breast, cervical, and uterine cancers, using data from studies published between 1998 and 2025.

Methods: A comprehensive search of international databases identified 1,207 unique records, from which 23 studies were included, comprising both case-control and cohort designs. The studies, conducted across multiple countries, investigated GDM's association with different types of cancers. Data were pooled and analyzed using random-effects models, and heterogeneity, publication bias, and subgroup analyses were assessed.

Results: The meta-analysis revealed no significant association between GDM and breast cancer risk (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89-1.06), with considerable heterogeneity (I² = 70.21%). For cervical cancer, no significant association was found (RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.76-1.10), with minimal heterogeneity (I² = 0.25%). Uterine cancer also showed no significant association with GDM (RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.72-1.47). The analysis revealed consistent findings across different diagnostic methods for GDM and cancer, with no significant publication bias detected.

Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant overall association between GDM and the risk of breast, cervical, or uterine cancers. However, variations across studies suggest that factors such as geographic region, study design, and diagnostic methods may influence the observed associations. Further research with larger, more homogeneous samples is needed to clarify the potential links between GDM and cancer risk.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-025-01633-5.

妊娠期糖尿病与女性癌症的关系:一项最新的系统综述和荟萃分析。
背景:本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)与各种癌症(包括乳腺癌、宫颈癌和子宫癌)风险之间的关系,使用的数据来自1998年至2025年间发表的研究。方法:对国际数据库进行全面检索,确定了1207个独特的记录,其中包括23项研究,包括病例对照和队列设计。这些研究在多个国家进行,调查了GDM与不同类型癌症的关系。使用随机效应模型对数据进行汇总和分析,并评估异质性、发表偏倚和亚组分析。结果:荟萃分析显示GDM与乳腺癌风险无显著相关性(RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89-1.06),存在较大异质性(I²= 70.21%)。对于宫颈癌,未发现显著相关性(RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.76-1.10),异质性最小(I²= 0.25%)。子宫癌与GDM无显著相关性(RR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.72 ~ 1.47)。分析显示,GDM和癌症的不同诊断方法的结果一致,未发现明显的发表偏倚。结论:本系统综述和荟萃分析发现GDM与乳腺癌、宫颈癌或子宫癌风险之间没有显著的总体关联。然而,不同研究之间的差异表明,地理区域、研究设计和诊断方法等因素可能影响观察到的关联。进一步的研究需要更大、更均匀的样本来阐明GDM和癌症风险之间的潜在联系。补充资料:在线版本提供补充资料,网址为10.1007/s40200-025-01633-5。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Medicine-Internal Medicine
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.60%
发文量
210
期刊介绍: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders is a peer reviewed journal which publishes original clinical and translational articles and reviews in the field of endocrinology and provides a forum of debate of the highest quality on these issues. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, diabetes, lipid disorders, metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, interdisciplinary practices in endocrinology, cardiovascular and metabolic risk, aging research, obesity, traditional medicine, pychosomatic research, behavioral medicine, ethics and evidence-based practices.As of Jan 2018 the journal is published by Springer as a hybrid journal with no article processing charges. All articles published before 2018 are available free of charge on springerlink.Unofficial 2017 2-year Impact Factor: 1.816.
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