{"title":"Sex differences in event-related potentials and their clinical predictive value in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia.","authors":"Qin Qin, Chenghao Lu, Shaobing Li, Nannan Liu, Yanzhe Li, Tongxin Li, Yeqing Dong, Xinxu Wang, Shen Li, Jie Li, Xiang Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00406-025-02020-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored sex differences in cognitive impairments in first-episode antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia (FEAN-SZ) patients using event-related potentials. A total of 321 FEAN-SZ patients and 146 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled to compare sex differences in the P300 (P3) components elicited by the auditory Oddball paradigm. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms. We also examined sex differences in the relationship between P3 components and clinical symptoms. Compared to HCs, FEAN-SZ patients showed reduced P3 amplitude and prolonged latency (all p<sub>s</sub> < 0.001). Male patients had significantly lower N100 (N1) amplitude than female patients (F = 5.70, p = 0.018), a difference not observed in HCs. In males, N1 latency correlated with total PANSS (r = 0.361, p < 0.001) and general psychopathology scores (r = 0.354, p < 0.001). Multiple stepwise regression showed that N1 amplitude predicted negative, total PANSS, and HAMD scores in males (β = -0.263, -0.191, -0.289, all p<sub>s</sub> < 0.001). In females, P3a latency predicted G, total PANSS, HAMD, and HAMA scores (β = 0.486, 0.600, 0.204, 0.297, all p<sub>s</sub> < 0.05). FEAN-SZ patients exhibited reduced P3 amplitude and prolonged latency compared to HCs, with males showing lower N100 amplitude than females. In terms of sex-specific clinical symptom predictors, N1 amplitude in males and P3a latency in females were significantly correlated with PANSS, HAMD, and HAMA scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":11822,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02020-0","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study explored sex differences in cognitive impairments in first-episode antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia (FEAN-SZ) patients using event-related potentials. A total of 321 FEAN-SZ patients and 146 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled to compare sex differences in the P300 (P3) components elicited by the auditory Oddball paradigm. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms. We also examined sex differences in the relationship between P3 components and clinical symptoms. Compared to HCs, FEAN-SZ patients showed reduced P3 amplitude and prolonged latency (all ps < 0.001). Male patients had significantly lower N100 (N1) amplitude than female patients (F = 5.70, p = 0.018), a difference not observed in HCs. In males, N1 latency correlated with total PANSS (r = 0.361, p < 0.001) and general psychopathology scores (r = 0.354, p < 0.001). Multiple stepwise regression showed that N1 amplitude predicted negative, total PANSS, and HAMD scores in males (β = -0.263, -0.191, -0.289, all ps < 0.001). In females, P3a latency predicted G, total PANSS, HAMD, and HAMA scores (β = 0.486, 0.600, 0.204, 0.297, all ps < 0.05). FEAN-SZ patients exhibited reduced P3 amplitude and prolonged latency compared to HCs, with males showing lower N100 amplitude than females. In terms of sex-specific clinical symptom predictors, N1 amplitude in males and P3a latency in females were significantly correlated with PANSS, HAMD, and HAMA scores.
期刊介绍:
The original papers published in the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience deal with all aspects of psychiatry and related clinical neuroscience.
Clinical psychiatry, psychopathology, epidemiology as well as brain imaging, neuropathological, neurophysiological, neurochemical and moleculargenetic studies of psychiatric disorders are among the topics covered.
Thus both the clinician and the neuroscientist are provided with a handy source of information on important scientific developments.