Prevalence of Gum Diseases Among Patients Attending the Diabetic Clinic at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 2.1 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Health Science Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1002/hsr2.70837

Kwame Adu Okyere Boadu, Esther Priscilla Biamah Danquah, Elsa Kudiabor, Nana Atuahene Oti, John Billy Owusu Quarshie, Nana Bempong Owusu-Ankomah

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Abstract

Background and Aims

Gum diseases, notably periodontitis, are a major cause of tooth loss and are bidirectionally linked to diabetes. This study assessed their prevalence and risk factors among diabetic clinic attendees at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Ghana.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study involved 101 diabetic patients (100% response rate) from July 19, 2023 to August 18, 2023. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) using a WHO probe (25 g force). IBM SPSS 27 analyzed the data.

Results

Periodontitis was most prevalent (58.4%), followed by gingivitis (36.6%). Among 41–50-year-olds (35.6% of the sample), periodontitis peaked at 66.7%, with females (58.4% of the total) showing 64.4% prevalence versus 50% in males. Type 2 diabetes dominated (73.3%), with 60.8% diagnosed < 1 year. Smokers (22.8%) had a 73.9% periodontitis rate versus 53.8% in non-smokers (77.2%). Only 26.7% attended dental check-ups more than once yearly; 73.9% of rare attendees had periodontitis. All reported good glycemic control.

Conclusion

Periodontitis predominates among type 2 diabetics at KATH, with age (41–50), female gender, smoking, and infrequent dental visits as key risk factors. The self-reported questionnaire effectively screened gum diseases, supporting its broader use.

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Komfo Anokye教学医院糖尿病门诊患者牙龈疾病患病率：一项横断面研究

背景和目的牙龈疾病，特别是牙周炎，是牙齿脱落的主要原因，与糖尿病有双向关系。本研究评估了加纳Komfo Anokye教学医院（KATH）糖尿病患者的患病率和危险因素。方法对2023年7月19日至2023年8月18日101例糖尿病患者（100%有效率）进行描述性横断面研究。数据通过访谈者填写的问卷和使用世界卫生组织探针（25g力）的社区牙周指数（CPI）收集。IBM SPSS 27对数据进行分析。结果以牙周炎为主（58.4%），牙龈炎次之（36.6%）。在41 - 50岁的人群中（占样本的35.6%），牙周炎的患病率最高为66.7%，其中女性（占总数的58.4%）的患病率为64.4%，而男性为50%。2型糖尿病占多数（73.3%），其中60.8%在1年内确诊。吸烟者（22.8%）的牙周炎发病率为73.9%，而非吸烟者（77.2%）为53.8%。只有26.7%每年接受一次以上牙科检查；73.9%的罕见参会者有牙周炎。所有人都报告血糖控制良好。结论KATH 2型糖尿病患者以牙周炎为主，年龄（41-50岁）、女性、吸烟和不常就诊是主要危险因素。自我报告的问卷有效地筛查了牙龈疾病，支持其广泛使用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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