Distribution of Microplastic Pollution in Skadar Lake within the National Park of Montenegro

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-08138-0

Neda Bošković, Željko Jaćimović, Oliver Bajt

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Abstract

This study investigates, for the first time, the abundance, composition, distribution, sources, and ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) in the shore sediments of Skadar Lake in Montenegro. MPs were detected in all sediment samples, with their presence varying by sampling site and season. The MP abundances, measured as particles per 100 g of dry sediment, ranged from 9–22, with an average of 15.4 ± 4.3. The identified MP shapes included fibers, fragments, and films, with fibers (41%), sizes 1–3 mm (33.3%), and the color blue (31.9%) being the most dominant. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed polyethylene and polypropylene as the primary polymers. The pollution load index (PLI) and polymer hazard index (PHI) were used to assess sediment quality. PLI values indicated a low level of MP pollution in the sediments of Skadar Lake, suggesting a minor ecological risk. High PHI values were noted due to the presence of MPs with high-hazard score polymers. This study lays the groundwork for future monitoring and a better understanding of MP pollution, distribution, and potential sources in freshwater ecosystems. Our findings could support the implementation of preventive measures to reduce MP pollution in Skadar Lake, which is part of the National Park of Montenegro.

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黑山国家公园内斯卡达尔湖的微塑料污染分布

本研究首次调查了黑山斯卡达尔湖岸边沉积物中微塑料（MPs）的丰度、组成、分布、来源和生态风险。在所有沉积物样本中都检测到MPs，其存在因采样地点和季节而异。MP丰度（以每100 g干沉积物的颗粒数为单位）在9-22之间，平均值为15.4±4.3。确定的MP形状包括纤维、碎片和薄膜，其中纤维（41%），尺寸为1-3 mm(33.3%)，蓝色（31.9%）占主导地位。傅里叶红外（FTIR）分析显示聚乙烯和聚丙烯为主要聚合物。采用污染负荷指数（PLI）和聚合物危害指数（PHI）对沉积物质量进行评价。PLI值表明斯卡达尔湖沉积物中MP污染水平较低，生态风险较小。由于存在具有高危险评分聚合物的MPs， PHI值较高。这项研究为未来监测和更好地了解淡水生态系统中多聚污染物的污染、分布和潜在来源奠定了基础。我们的研究结果可以支持实施预防措施，以减少黑山国家公园的一部分斯卡达尔湖的MP污染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.