Effective field theories of dissipative fluids with one-form symmetries

IF 5.4 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Physics and Astronomy
Shreya Vardhan, Sašo Grozdanov, Samuel Leutheusser, Hong Liu
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Abstract

A system with a one-form global symmetry at finite temperature can be viewed as a dissipative fluid of string-like objects. In this work, we classify and construct the most general effective field theories for hydrodynamics of such string fluids, in a probe limit where the one-form charge density is decoupled from the energy-momentum tensor. We show that at leading order in the derivative expansion, there are two distinct types of diffusive transport in a string fluid depending on the discrete spacetime symmetries present in it. One particular application of interest is magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), where the effective field theories describe the diffusion of magnetic field lines. Due to the distinction between the effective field theories for different discrete symmetries, we show that the MHD of a fluid with charge conjugation symmetry is qualitatively different from that of a neutron star, which we previously discussed in [1]. The explicit effective actions that we write down can be used to obtain the dispersion relations ω(k) up to cubic order in momenta for each of the different discrete symmetry choices. As another application of this formalism, we show that when the one-form symmetry is spontaneously broken, the effective action reduces to the Maxwell theory. This confirms the interpretation of the photon as a Goldstone boson arising from the spontaneous breaking of a one-form symmetry.

一类对称耗散流体的有效场论
在有限温度下具有一种形式全局对称的系统可以看作是弦状物体的耗散流体。在这项工作中,我们分类和构造了最一般的有效场理论,用于这种弦流体的流体力学,在探针极限下,一种形式的电荷密度与能量动量张量解耦。我们表明,在导数展开的第一阶,弦流体中存在两种不同类型的扩散输运,这取决于其中存在的离散时空对称性。我们感兴趣的一个特殊应用是磁流体动力学(MHD),其中有效场论描述了磁力线的扩散。由于不同离散对称的有效场论之间的区别,我们证明了具有电荷共轭对称的流体的MHD与我们在[1]中讨论过的中子星的MHD有质的不同。我们写下的显式有效作用可以用来获得每个不同的离散对称选择在动量上的三次色散关系ω(k)。作为这一形式的另一个应用,我们证明了当一种形式的对称被自发破坏时,有效作用减少到麦克斯韦理论。这证实了光子作为戈德斯通玻色子的解释是由一种形式对称的自发破缺产生的。
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来源期刊
Journal of High Energy Physics
Journal of High Energy Physics 物理-物理:粒子与场物理
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
46.30%
发文量
2107
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: The aim of the Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP) is to ensure fast and efficient online publication tools to the scientific community, while keeping that community in charge of every aspect of the peer-review and publication process in order to ensure the highest quality standards in the journal. Consequently, the Advisory and Editorial Boards, composed of distinguished, active scientists in the field, jointly establish with the Scientific Director the journal''s scientific policy and ensure the scientific quality of accepted articles. JHEP presently encompasses the following areas of theoretical and experimental physics: Collider Physics Underground and Large Array Physics Quantum Field Theory Gauge Field Theories Symmetries String and Brane Theory General Relativity and Gravitation Supersymmetry Mathematical Methods of Physics Mostly Solvable Models Astroparticles Statistical Field Theories Mostly Weak Interactions Mostly Strong Interactions Quantum Field Theory (phenomenology) Strings and Branes Phenomenological Aspects of Supersymmetry Mostly Strong Interactions (phenomenology).
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