Multifaceted analysis of cymothoids parasitism, environmental stressors and heavy metal bioaccumulation dynamics in mediterranean farmed fish in Egypt

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1007/s10499-025-02037-1

Mohamed A. Atwah, Mohsen A. Khormi, Awad A. Abdelbaky, Ola Hasan Abd El Megeed, Ali M. Aborasain, Mai A. Salem, Mohamed A. Soliman, Hanan S. Khalefa, Hanan H. Abd-El Hafeez, Mohamed Abdelsalam

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Abstract

This study investigated the interactions between cymothoids parasitism, environmental stressors, and heavy metal bioaccumulation in commercially farmed fish in the Deeba Triangle area, Egypt. Over 600 fish, comprising gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and two mullet species (Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada), were examined during spring and summer 2023. Seasonal variations in cymothoids parasite infestation showed higher prevalence during spring (S. aurata: 37%, mullets: 100%) compared to summer (S. aurata: 20%, mullets: 80%). Morphological and molecular characterization identified the parasite as Livoneca redmanii, with mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequencing revealing 98.73% similarity among isolates (PQ580903-PQ580904). Water quality analysis of aquaculture ponds showed suboptimal conditions compared to the source irrigation canal, including elevated unionized ammonia (0.024–0.042 mg/L vs. 0.012 mg/L) and reduced dissolved oxygen (4.8–5.2 mg/L vs. 6.8 mg/L). Heavy metal accumulation followed consistent tissue-specific patterns (liver > gills > muscle) across five metals (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cd, Mn), with M. cephalus demonstrating the highest bioaccumulation potential. In M. cephalus liver tissue, transfer factors for Cu (175) and Fe (15.45) indicated significant metal retention. Correlation analysis in M. cephalus tissues revealed strong positive relationships between Cu-Fe (r = 0.88) and Fe–Mn (r = 0.78). The human health risk assessment indicated that muscle tissue consumption across all species was within safe limits (THQ ≤ 1.0). This integrated analysis provides insights into species-specific management strategies in Mediterranean aquaculture.

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埃及地中海养殖鱼类中鲤寄生、环境压力和重金属生物积累动态的多方面分析

本研究调查了埃及Deeba三角地区商业养殖鱼类中卵状拟虫寄生、环境应激源和重金属生物积累之间的相互作用。在2023年春季和夏季，研究人员对600多种鱼类进行了研究，其中包括gil头海鲷（Sparus aurata）和两种鲻鱼（Mugil cephalus和Liza ramada）。春季（金色棘鱼占37%，鲻鱼占100%）的发病率高于夏季（金色棘鱼占20%，鲻鱼占80%）。形态学和分子鉴定鉴定该寄生虫为Livoneca redmanii，线粒体16S rRNA测序显示分离株（PQ580903-PQ580904）相似性为98.73%。养殖池塘水质分析结果显示，与源灌渠相比，养殖池塘水质条件较差，游离氨升高（0.024 ~ 0.042 mg/L vs 0.012 mg/L），溶解氧降低（4.8 ~ 5.2 mg/L vs 6.8 mg/L）。重金属在五种金属（Pb、Fe、Cu、Cd、Mn）中的积累遵循一致的组织特异性模式（肝脏、鳃、肌肉），其中头虾表现出最高的生物积累潜力。在头螺肝组织中，铜（175）和铁（15.45）的转移因子表明有明显的金属潴留。相关分析显示，头螺组织中Cu-Fe （r = 0.88）和Fe-Mn （r = 0.78）呈正相关。人类健康风险评估表明，所有物种的肌肉组织消耗都在安全范围内（THQ≤1.0）。这一综合分析为地中海水产养殖中特定物种的管理策略提供了见解。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.