Exploring the nanoarchitecture of Y2O3 − α-Fe2O3 bimetallic nanocomposite as a potential electrode material for high performance asymmetric supercapacitor application

Abstract

Rapid technological breakthroughs are driving the creation of high-performance electronics, and supercapacitors are a critical component because of their quick charge–discharge characteristics. The goal of research on bimetallic nanocomposites is to improve supercapacitor performance and scalability by increasing energy storage efficiency, charge–discharge rates, and long-term stability. A supercapacitor three-electrode system has been used to study the Y₂O₃-α-Fe₂O₃ composite’s electrochemical performance. The results show that the composite provides a greater capacitance of 1216F/g at 1 A /g. Furthermore, the Trasatti approach demonstrates the charge accumulation mechanism that yields the inner, outer, and overall capacities of 473.91, 225.36, and 699.30F/g respectively, along with the corresponding percentages of diffusion contribution and capacity of 67.77 % and 32.23 %. Furthermore, Y₂O₃-α-Fe₂O₃ asymmetric supercapacitor devices demonstrate a high power density of 800 W/kg, with an exceptional energy density of approximately 28.8 Wh/kg at 1 A/g. A current density of 5 A/g was observed, with a capacitive retention of 92.5 % even after 5,000 continuous charge/discharge cycles. Additionally, the Coulombic efficiency was measured at 95.8 %. These favorable characteristics, along with the produced nanocomposite Y₂O₃-α-Fe₂O₃, suggest that it may serve as a promising electrode material for next-generation supercapacitors.