Integrative Assessments of E-Waste Impacts and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in China: Integrating Pollution Sequestration and Resource Recovery

Yin Huang, Mengjun Chen*, Jinchuan Qin, Shaoqin Chen, Songshan Zhou, Rong Huang, Xiangfei Zeng, Yunhui Han, Yi Liu, Min Shang, Pengcheng Wang, Jiaqi Hu and Oladele A. Ogunseitan, 
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Abstract

China’s Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP), and other departments have collaborated on WEEE Disposal Fund (the Fund) to improve large-scale, industrialized, and specialized WEEE disposal. At present, the Fund plays a key role in China, but with a budget deficit of up to 3 billion Yuan per year. By linking the achievements of WEEE recycling to the policy to promote carbon neutrality, the Fund would compensate for the associated fee, thereby facilitating sustainable recycling. To test the feasibility of this strategy, we have assessed GHG emission reduction levels associated with WEEE recycling based on archival data analysis and field research. The results show that the GHG reduction related to WEEE recycling in Sichuan Province is 160,279.152 tCO2eq. and 8.36 million tCO2eq in China in 2021. But this amount significantly underestimates the potential benefits due to methodology limitations. It is assumed a reformed approach that can increase the estimated GHG reductions by 42% (to 11.85 million tCO2eq). This reform highlights the key role of including downstream resource recovery processes in carbon trading schemes, which is expected to alleviate the current deficit. The study suggests that the GHG emission reduction assessment of WEEE recycling should be re-formed to promote the sustainability of WEEE recycling.

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中国电子垃圾影响与温室气体排放的综合评价:整合污染封存与资源回收
中国财政部、环保部等部门合作设立报废电子电气设备处置基金(以下简称基金),推进报废电子电气设备的规模化、产业化、专业化处置。目前,国际货币基金组织在中国发挥着关键作用,但每年的预算赤字高达30亿元人民币。基金将废旧电子电气设备回收的成果与促进碳中和的政策联系起来,补偿相关费用,从而促进可持续的回收。为了测试这一策略的可行性,我们基于档案数据分析和实地研究评估了与报废电子电气设备回收相关的温室气体减排水平。结果表明:四川省报废电子电气设备回收相关的温室气体减量为160279.152 tCO2eq;到2021年,中国将达到836万吨二氧化碳当量。但是由于方法的限制,这个数字大大低估了潜在的好处。假设一种改革后的方法可以使估计的温室气体减量增加42%(达到1185万吨二氧化碳当量)。这一改革突出了将下游资源回收过程纳入碳交易计划的关键作用,预计将缓解当前的赤字。研究建议对报废电子电气设备回收的温室气体减排评估进行改革,以促进报废电子电气设备回收的可持续性。
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