COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy and Birth Defects: Results From the CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry, United States 2021–2022

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q4 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Birth Defects Research Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1002/bdr2.2474

Andrea J. Sharma, Jennita Reefhuis, Lauren Head Zauche, Sabrina A. Madni, Janet D. Cragan, Cynthia A. Moore, John F. Nahabedian, Christine K. Olson, CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry team

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

We calculated prevalences of birth defects among infants of participants in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry (C19VPR).

Methods

C19VPR enrolled women receiving COVID-19 vaccines ≤ 30 days before the last menstrual period or during pregnancy from December 2020 through June 2021. We included 19,931 participants with singleton pregnancies ending ≥ 20 weeks' gestation who did not report COVID-19 illness during pregnancy. Clinicians identified birth defects from participant-reported infant health information up to 4 months after birth. We compared C19VPR birth defect prevalences to published pre-pandemic estimates. For seven defects originating during embryogenesis (cleft lip with/without cleft palate, atrial septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, ventricular septal defect, esophageal atresia or stenosis, hypospadias, kidney agenesis/hypoplasia/dysplasia), we estimated prevalence ratios comparing those vaccinated < 14 weeks' to those vaccinated ≥ 14 weeks' gestation.

Results

Participants reported receiving Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines (59.0%), Moderna (38.2%), and Janssen (2.8%) vaccines. Most (65.2%) participants received their first COVID-19 vaccine after the first trimester. The prevalence of major birth defects was 3.8%. Among defects with comparator estimates available (n = 50), 35 were below or within expected ranges. C19VPR prevalences were higher than the comparator confidence interval for 15 defects; however, C19VPR confidence intervals included comparator estimates. Prevalences did not differ by the timing of vaccination for seven defects examined.

Conclusions

Birth defects prevalence estimates among infants born to women receiving COVID-19 vaccines during or just prior to pregnancy were generally similar to pre-pandemic estimates. While there was no strong evidence of associations between vaccination and specific defects, statistical power was low.

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怀孕期间接种COVID-19疫苗和出生缺陷：美国CDC COVID-19疫苗妊娠登记处的结果，2021-2022

我们计算了美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC） COVID-19疫苗妊娠登记（C19VPR）参与者婴儿出生缺陷的患病率。方法C19VPR纳入了2020年12月至2021年6月期间末次月经前≤30天或怀孕期间接种COVID-19疫苗的妇女。我们纳入了19,931名妊娠≥20周的单胎妊娠患者，这些患者在妊娠期间没有报告COVID-19疾病。临床医生从参与者报告的出生后4个月的婴儿健康信息中确定出生缺陷。我们将C19VPR出生缺陷患病率与已公布的大流行前估计数据进行了比较。对于在胚胎发生期间发生的7种缺陷（唇裂伴/不伴腭裂、房间隔缺损、主动脉缩窄、室间隔缺损、食道闭锁或狭窄、尿道下裂、肾脏发育不全/发育不全/发育不良），我们比较了接种疫苗14周和接种疫苗≥14周妊娠者的患病率。参与者报告接受了辉瑞- biontech疫苗（59.0%）、Moderna疫苗（38.2%）和Janssen疫苗（2.8%）。大多数（65.2%）参与者在妊娠早期接种了第一次COVID-19疫苗。严重出生缺陷患病率为3.8%。在可用比较器估计的缺陷中（n = 50）， 35个低于或在预期范围内。15个缺陷的C19VPR患病率高于比较者置信区间；然而，C19VPR置信区间包括比较国估计值。对于所检查的七种缺陷，接种疫苗的时间对患病率没有影响。结论：在怀孕期间或怀孕前接种COVID-19疫苗的妇女所生婴儿的出生缺陷患病率估计值与大流行前的估计值大致相似。虽然没有强有力的证据表明接种疫苗与特定缺陷之间存在关联，但统计效力很低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Birth Defects Research Medicine-Embryology

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

9.50%

发文量

153

期刊介绍： The journal Birth Defects Research publishes original research and reviews in areas related to the etiology of adverse developmental and reproductive outcome. In particular the journal is devoted to the publication of original scientific research that contributes to the understanding of the biology of embryonic development and the prenatal causative factors and mechanisms leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes, namely structural and functional birth defects, pregnancy loss, postnatal functional defects in the human population, and to the identification of prenatal factors and biological mechanisms that reduce these risks. Adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes may have genetic, environmental, nutritional or epigenetic causes. Accordingly, the journal Birth Defects Research takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach in its organization and publication strategy. The journal Birth Defects Research contains separate sections for clinical and molecular teratology, developmental and reproductive toxicology, and reviews in developmental biology to acknowledge and accommodate the integrative nature of research in this field. Each section has a dedicated editor who is a leader in his/her field and who has full editorial authority in his/her area.