Calibrating the rainfall erosivity of high-resolution calculation and low-resolution estimation approaches in karst areas of southwest China

IF 5.4 1区农林科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Catena Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2025.109174

Lu Zhai , Teng Feng , Yuemin Yue , Kelin Wang

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Abstract

Rainfall erosivity describes the capacity of rainfall to cause soil erosion in unprotected fields. The calculation methods show regional variations influenced by climate and terrain. In humid karst region characterized by soluble carbonate rock, widespread underground pores and fissures lead to high rainfall acceptance. Only during heavy rainstorms may rainfall exceed the absorption capacity of soil and underground channels, resulting in surface runoff and soil erosion. However, controversy exists about rainfall erosivity criteria based on high-resolution rainfall data (1–60 min) and lack of localized estimated models based on low-resolution rainfall data (day, month, year) in the karst areas of southwest China. Therefore, 63 erosive events from five fallow plots were collected to determine the erosive rainfall criteria. Subsequently, hourly rainfall data spanning 42 years from six meteorological stations were analyzed to determine the erosive daily rainfall standard. Finally, four commonly used estimated rainfall erosivity model parameters were calibrated for each station and the region. The results showed that the erosive rainfall criteria are determined by multiplying the event rainfall amount by the maximum 30-minute intensity of 146 mm² h⁻¹, or by a rainfall amount of 20 mm. The erosive daily rainfall standard was 16.5 mm. The daily rainfall power function incorporating seasonal changes (Model 2) outperformed at each station, with average Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.73 and 0.89 for daily and monthly rainfall erosivity, respectively. The daily rainfall power function (Model 1 (region)) at the regional scale performed best. Our results showed that the model parameters used in non-karst areas have overestimated rainfall erosivity for karst areas due to the low erosive rainfall standard. This study emphasizes the importance of using localized erosive rainfall standards and localized estimated model parameters for karst areas.

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西南喀斯特地区高分辨率计算和低分辨率估算方法的降雨侵蚀力校正

降雨侵蚀力描述了降雨在未受保护的田地中引起土壤侵蚀的能力。计算方法显示出受气候和地形影响的区域差异。在以可溶性碳酸盐岩为特征的湿润岩溶地区，广泛存在的地下孔隙和裂缝导致了高降雨接受度。只有在暴雨期间，降雨量才会超过土壤和地下通道的吸收能力，造成地表径流和土壤侵蚀。然而，基于高分辨率降雨数据（1-60 min）的降雨侵蚀力判据存在争议，缺乏基于低分辨率降雨数据（日、月、年）的局域化估算模型。因此，收集了5个休耕样地的63个侵蚀事件，确定了侵蚀降雨标准。随后，分析了6个气象站42年的逐时降水数据，确定了侵蚀日降雨量标准。最后，对每个站点和区域的4个常用降雨侵蚀力模型参数进行了标定。结果表明，侵蚀性降雨标准由事件降雨量乘以最大30分钟强度146 mm2 h−1或降雨量为20 mm确定。侵蚀性日降雨量标准为16.5 mm。考虑季节变化的日降雨幂函数（模型2）在各站点表现较好，日和月降雨侵蚀力的平均Nash-Sutcliffe效率分别为0.73和0.89。区域尺度上的日降雨幂函数（模型1（区域））表现最好。结果表明，由于喀斯特地区的侵蚀性降雨标准较低，非喀斯特地区使用的模型参数高估了喀斯特地区的降雨侵蚀力。本研究强调了在喀斯特地区使用局域化侵蚀降雨标准和局域化估算模型参数的重要性。

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来源期刊

Catena 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

10.50

自引率

9.70%

发文量

816

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Catena publishes papers describing original field and laboratory investigations and reviews on geoecology and landscape evolution with emphasis on interdisciplinary aspects of soil science, hydrology and geomorphology. It aims to disseminate new knowledge and foster better understanding of the physical environment, of evolutionary sequences that have resulted in past and current landscapes, and of the natural processes that are likely to determine the fate of our terrestrial environment. Papers within any one of the above topics are welcome provided they are of sufficiently wide interest and relevance.