Far UVC photolysis of PDS and H2O2 in saline water generates disinfection By-products

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123866

Jingmeng Guan , Huang Huang , Wenhai Chu , Xin Yang

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Abstract

Far-UVC-driven (222 nm) advanced oxidation processes (UV₂₂₂/AOPs) have gained increasing attentions for water decontamination owing to their high yields of reactive species and rapid degradation rate constants of emerging contaminants. However, the formation of toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) during UV₂₂₂/AOP treatments of saline water remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that DBPs generated in UV₂₂₂/PDS and UV₂₂₂/H₂O₂ treatment of saline water with the presence of 0.5 M Cl^⁻ was 3.55–4.50 and 1.47–1.61 times higher, respectively, compared to those generated in UV₂₅₄/PDS and UV₂₅₄/H₂O₂. Adsorbable organic halogen (AOX) generated in UV₂₂₂/AOPs was also higher than UV₂₅₄/AOPs. Notably, DBPs and AOX generated from Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) in UV₂₂₂/PDS treatment were 32.33 times and 6.14 times higher than in UV₂₂₂/H₂O₂, primarily due to the elevated concentration of reactive halogen species and the accumulation of hypochlorous acid/ hypohalite. Moreover, the presence of Br⁻ in saline water led to the conversion of chlorinated DBPs into brominated DBPs in both UV₂₂₂/PDS and UV₂₂₂/H₂O₂, significantly increasing the overall toxicity associated with DBPs. Increasing the pH from 5.0 to 9.0 was found to reduce DBP-associated toxicity. This study highlights the formation of toxic DBPs in UV₂₂₂/AOPs and provides theoretical foundation for the selection and regulation of UV₂₂₂/AOPs from the perspective of DBP control.

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远紫外光解PDS和H2O2在盐水中产生消毒副产物

远uvc驱动的（222 nm）深度氧化工艺（UV222/AOPs）因其高活性物质收率和对新出现污染物的快速降解速率常数而越来越受到人们的关注。然而，在UV222/AOP处理盐水过程中毒性消毒副产物（DBPs）的形成仍未被探索。在这项研究中，我们证明了UV222/PDS和UV222/H2O2处理含0.5 M Cl的盐水所产生的DBPs分别是UV254/PDS和UV254/H2O2处理的3.55-4.50和1.47-1.61倍。UV222/AOPs中产生的可吸附有机卤素（AOX）也高于UV254/AOPs。值得注意的是，UV222/PDS处理下Suwannee河黄腐酸（SRFA）产生的DBPs和AOX分别是UV222/H2O2处理下DBPs和AOX的32.33倍和6.14倍，这主要是由于反应性卤素物种浓度升高和次氯酸/次盐的积累。此外，Br在盐水中的存在导致氯化dbp在UV222/PDS和UV222/H2O2中转化为溴化dbp，显著增加了dbp的总体毒性。将pH从5.0提高到9.0可以降低dbp相关的毒性。本研究突出了UV222/AOPs中毒性DBPs的形成，从DBP控制的角度为UV222/AOPs的选择和调控提供了理论基础。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.