Utilizing eDNA methods in biodiversity studies of a river affected by anthropogenic pollution: a case study on the Batanghari River in Indonesia

IF 1.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Huria Marnis, Khairul Syahputra, Jadmiko Darmawan, Dwi Febrianti, Evi Tahapari, Sekar Larashati, Bambang Iswanto, Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas, Mochamad Syaifudin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aquatic biodiversity is rapidly declining owing to global climate change, increasing anthropogenic activities, and species invasions. The Batanghari River, one of the Indonesia’s longest rivers, faces severe pressure from illegal gold mining, industrial pollution, and domestic waste. Despite evidence of biodiversity loss, a comprehensive assessment has yet to be undertaken. This study used eDNA metabarcoding, targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (co1) gene fragment, to analyze the diversity of aquatic biota in Batanghari River. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, as used in this study, offers broader insights compared with traditional methods by enabling the detection of a wider range of species, including those that are rare, cryptic, or difficult to capture. A total of 22,180,436 reads were generated from five river watersheds. Approximately 80% of reads were classified to the species level (72.5–100% of identical matches), with the remainder identified as unidentified taxa. Significant differences in species richness and community composition were observed between upstream and downstream areas. Taxonomic richness was highest at Batanghari Hulu, the most upstream site, with 9161 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), including 5773 Chordata, 1755 Arthropoda, and 433 Mollusca. In contrast, downstream locations such as Batanghari Hilir exhibited lower richness, with 3888 ASVs, including 2681 Chordata, 651 Arthropoda, and 224 Mollusca. These differences are likely influenced by increasing anthropogenic stressors downstream. Furthermore, beta diversity analysis showed significant variation in taxonomic composition among sampling locations (permutational multivariate analysis of variance, PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Additionally, several extinct or endangered species were detected at multiple sites, as confirmed by our previous work. This study highlights the critical role of eDNA metabarcoding in assessing biodiversity, providing valuable insights for conservation and management efforts aimed at protecting the Batanghari River ecosystem.

Abstract Image

利用eDNA方法对受人为污染影响的河流进行生物多样性研究:以印度尼西亚巴丹哈里河为例
由于全球气候变化、人类活动增加和物种入侵,水生生物多样性正在迅速下降。巴当哈里河(Batanghari River)是印尼最长的河流之一,它面临着来自非法金矿开采、工业污染和生活垃圾的严重压力。尽管有生物多样性丧失的证据,但尚未进行全面评估。本研究利用eDNA元条形码技术,针对线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I (co1)基因片段,分析了巴丹哈里河水生生物群的多样性。环境DNA (eDNA)元条形码,作为在这项研究中使用,提供了更广泛的见解比传统的方法,能够检测更广泛的物种,包括那些罕见的,神秘的,或难以捕获。从五个河流流域共产生了22180436个读数。大约80%的reads被分类到物种水平(72.5-100%的相同匹配),其余的被鉴定为未确定的分类群。物种丰富度和群落组成在上游和下游地区存在显著差异。在最上游的巴丹哈里Hulu区,共有9161个扩增子序列变异(asv),其中脊索目5773个,节肢动物1755个,软体动物433个。相比之下,Batanghari Hilir等下游地区的asv丰富度较低,共有3888种asv,其中脊索动物2681种,节肢动物651种,软体动物224种。这些差异可能受到下游人为压力源增加的影响。此外,beta多样性分析显示,不同采样地点的分类组成存在显著差异(perational multivariate analysis of variance, PERMANOVA, p < 0.05)。此外,在多个地点发现了几种已灭绝或濒临灭绝的物种,这与我们之前的工作一致。该研究强调了eDNA元条形码在生物多样性评估中的关键作用,为保护巴丹哈里河生态系统的保护和管理工作提供了有价值的见解。
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来源期刊
Aquatic Sciences
Aquatic Sciences 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
4.20%
发文量
60
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Aquatic Sciences – Research Across Boundaries publishes original research, overviews, and reviews dealing with aquatic systems (both freshwater and marine systems) and their boundaries, including the impact of human activities on these systems. The coverage ranges from molecular-level mechanistic studies to investigations at the whole ecosystem scale. Aquatic Sciences publishes articles presenting research across disciplinary and environmental boundaries, including studies examining interactions among geological, microbial, biological, chemical, physical, hydrological, and societal processes, as well as studies assessing land-water, air-water, benthic-pelagic, river-ocean, lentic-lotic, and groundwater-surface water interactions.
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