Recovery time of diabetic ketoacidosis in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a long-term metabolic disease marked by consistently elevated blood glucose levels. Diabetic ketoacidosis is the medical consequence of diabetes mellitus that has the highest attributed fatality rate. Socioeconomically differences affect how long it takes to recover from diabetic ketoacidosis. A few research were carried out in Africa to demonstrate how long diabetic ketoacidosis takes to recover. However, the pooled median recovery time and predictors of diabetic ketoacidosis have not been studied in Africa. Thus, determine the pooled median recovery time and predictors of diabetic ketoacidosis in Africa was the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

To find available publications, a number of databases were analyzed, including PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Hinari, Google Scholar, grey literature, and articles from various university repository sites. Microsoft Excel version 13 was used to extract and sort the data before exporting it to STATA/MP 17.0 for analysis. The quality of each study was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A 95 percent confidence interval Der Simonian random-effects model was employed to investigate the pooled recovery time of diabetic ketoacidosis. Publication bias and heterogeneity were assessed using the Egger's test and I². Both meta-regression and subgroup analysis were used to determine the potential source of heterogeneity. Statistical significance was defined as P-values below 0.05.

Result

The pooled median recovery time for diabetic ketoacidosis in Africa was 38 h (95 percent CI: 33–43 h), according to this comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Significant heterogeneity is evident when looking at the Galbraith plot with I2 = 100 % (p < 0.001). Research conducted after 2020 revealed that diabetic ketoacidosis has a long recovery time of 40 h (95 percent CI: 3–77 h). However, research with fewer than 300 participants showed that diabetic ketoacidosis recovered more quickly: 18 h (95 percent confidence interval: 12–24 h).

Conclusion

Among patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in Africa, the pooled median recovery time was lengthy. The recovery time from diabetic ketoacidosis was influenced by a number of factors, including the severity of the diabetic ketoacidosis, the delay in starting therapy, and the length of time the patient had diabetes mellitus, and elevated blood glucose levels. Diabetic ketoacidosis recovery time can be shortened by altering these factors.