Testing and characterisation of a scroll compressor with vapour injection using R454C as a drop in refrigerant in a water source heat pump

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.05.006

George Meramveliotakis , George Kosmadakis , Sotirios Karellas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Transition to low-global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants is a significant issue for reducing the environmental impact of heat pumps to comply with stringent regulations. This study evaluates the performance of a scroll compressor with vapor injection (VI) using R454C as a low GWP drop-in replacement for R407C in a water source heat pump. Key performance indicators, including isentropic and volumetric efficiency, heating capacity and COP, are investigated across a wide range of operating conditions. These include varying compressor speeds, superheats at both the main and economizer electronic expansion valves as well as condensation and evaporation temperatures. Results indicate that R454C achieves higher volumetric efficiency (+2 %) and mass flow rate (+11–13 %) compared to R407C but leads to a lower heating capacity by 13–14.8 % and a decreased COP by 6 % due to lower latent heat. Vapor injection boosts the heating capacity by up to 30 % while decreases discharge temperatures, especially at high pressure ratios, despite an 8 % reduction in isentropic efficiency. These findings underscore the potential of R454C as a low-GWP replacement in heat pumps and highlight the critical role of VI in enhancing system performance even at moderate temperature lifts.

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在水源热泵中使用R454C作为制冷剂滴剂的蒸汽喷射涡旋压缩机的测试和特性

向低全球变暖潜能值（GWP）制冷剂过渡是减少热泵环境影响以符合严格法规的一个重要问题。本研究评估了在水源热泵中使用R454C作为低GWP替代R407C的带蒸汽喷射（VI）涡旋压缩机的性能。关键性能指标，包括等熵和容积效率，加热能力和COP，在广泛的操作条件下进行了研究。其中包括不同的压缩机速度，主和省煤器电子膨胀阀的过热以及冷凝和蒸发温度。结果表明，与R407C相比，R454C具有更高的体积效率（+ 2%）和质量流量（+11 - 13%），但由于潜热较低，热容量降低了13 - 14.8%，COP降低了6%。蒸汽喷射将加热能力提高了30%，同时降低了排气温度，特别是在高压比下，尽管等熵效率降低了8%。这些发现强调了R454C作为热泵低gwp替代品的潜力，并强调了VI在提高系统性能方面的关键作用，即使在中等温度的升降机中也是如此。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.80%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling. As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews. Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.