Evaluation of the healing effect of kappa-carrageenan combined with dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes on induced knee osteoarthritis in male rats

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 ORTHOPEDICS

Knee Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI:10.1016/j.knee.2025.04.020

Maryam Jalahi , Sina Shahijani , Azadeh Jalahi , Mohammad Hosseini , Mohammad Farzam , Amir Reza Dehghanian , Fatemeh Akbarizadeh , Sara Varzandian , Nader Tanideh

{"title":"Evaluation of the healing effect of kappa-carrageenan combined with dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes on induced knee osteoarthritis in male rats","authors":"Maryam Jalahi , Sina Shahijani , Azadeh Jalahi , Mohammad Hosseini , Mohammad Farzam , Amir Reza Dehghanian , Fatemeh Akbarizadeh , Sara Varzandian , Nader Tanideh","doi":"10.1016/j.knee.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that causes pain and reduces quality of life. Exosomes, dental pulp stem cells, and kappa carrageenan are arising as potential therapies for enhancing cartilage regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to evaluate the combined therapeutic effects of exosomes, dental pulp stem cells, and kappa carrageenan in reducing osteoarthritis severity.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Fifty-four male Sprague Dawley rats (10-wk-old, 200 ± 20 gr) were divided into nine groups. Human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) were isolated from healthy third Molars of human teeth and cultured. Osteoarthritis was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection. Treatments included intra-articular injections of kappa carrageenan, exosomes, HDPSCs, or their combinations. Ten weeks after treatment, knee joints were obtained and prepared for histopathological evaluation. Radiological evaluations were performed with CBCT imaging. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The group treated with Exosomes, Carrageenan, HDPSCs (ECD group) showed the most substantial reduction in Total Radiology and Osteophyte scores (<em>p</em> < 0.0001 and <em>p</em> = 0.0003, respectively).</div><div>The exosome with HDPSCs group also showed significant improvements (<em>p</em> = 0.0002 and <em>p</em> = 0.0005). Histopathological analysis showed that the ECD group had significantly better cartilage integrity, matrix structure, and cell viability (<em>p</em> = 0.0225, <em>p</em> = 0.0002, and <em>p</em> = 0.0009). In Masson’s Trichrome and Safranin O staining, the ECD, ED, and EC-treated groups demonstrated improved matrix quality with better collagen alignment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The intraarticular injection of the combination of exosomes, carrageenan, and HDPSCs significantly improved both the radiological and histopathological results in an osteoarthritis model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56110,"journal":{"name":"Knee","volume":"56 ","pages":"Pages 11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Knee","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968016025000912","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that causes pain and reduces quality of life. Exosomes, dental pulp stem cells, and kappa carrageenan are arising as potential therapies for enhancing cartilage regeneration.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the combined therapeutic effects of exosomes, dental pulp stem cells, and kappa carrageenan in reducing osteoarthritis severity.

Materials and methods

Fifty-four male Sprague Dawley rats (10-wk-old, 200 ± 20 gr) were divided into nine groups. Human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) were isolated from healthy third Molars of human teeth and cultured. Osteoarthritis was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection. Treatments included intra-articular injections of kappa carrageenan, exosomes, HDPSCs, or their combinations. Ten weeks after treatment, knee joints were obtained and prepared for histopathological evaluation. Radiological evaluations were performed with CBCT imaging. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant.

Results

The group treated with Exosomes, Carrageenan, HDPSCs (ECD group) showed the most substantial reduction in Total Radiology and Osteophyte scores (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively).

The exosome with HDPSCs group also showed significant improvements (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0005). Histopathological analysis showed that the ECD group had significantly better cartilage integrity, matrix structure, and cell viability (p = 0.0225, p = 0.0002, and p = 0.0009). In Masson’s Trichrome and Safranin O staining, the ECD, ED, and EC-treated groups demonstrated improved matrix quality with better collagen alignment.

Conclusions

The intraarticular injection of the combination of exosomes, carrageenan, and HDPSCs significantly improved both the radiological and histopathological results in an osteoarthritis model.

查看原文本刊更多论文

卡帕-卡拉胶联合牙髓干细胞来源外泌体治疗雄性大鼠膝关节骨关节炎的疗效评价

骨关节炎（OA）是一种导致疼痛并降低生活质量的退行性关节疾病。外泌体、牙髓干细胞和卡帕卡拉胶是促进软骨再生的潜在疗法。目的探讨外泌体、牙髓干细胞和卡帕卡拉胶联合治疗骨性关节炎的疗效。材料与方法雄性sd大鼠54只（10周龄，200±20 gr），随机分为9组。从健康人第三磨牙中分离培养人牙髓干细胞（HDPSCs）。横断前交叉韧带诱发骨关节炎。治疗方法包括关节内注射卡帕卡拉胶、外泌体、hdpsc或其组合。治疗10周后取膝关节进行组织病理学评估。采用CBCT成像进行放射学评估。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果外泌体、卡拉胶、hdpsc治疗组（ECD组）在总放射学和骨赘评分(p <；分别为0.0001和p = 0.0003)。外泌体与HDPSCs组也有显著改善（p = 0.0002和p = 0.0005）。组织病理学分析显示，ECD组软骨完整性、基质结构和细胞活力明显改善（p = 0.0225、p = 0.0002和p = 0.0009）。在马松三色和红花素O染色中，ECD、ED和ec处理组显示基质质量改善，胶原排列更好。结论外泌体、卡拉胶和hdpsc联合关节内注射可显著改善骨关节炎模型的放射学和组织病理学结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Knee 医学-外科

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

171

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Knee is an international journal publishing studies on the clinical treatment and fundamental biomechanical characteristics of this joint. The aim of the journal is to provide a vehicle relevant to surgeons, biomedical engineers, imaging specialists, materials scientists, rehabilitation personnel and all those with an interest in the knee. The topics covered include, but are not limited to: • Anatomy, physiology, morphology and biochemistry; • Biomechanical studies; • Advances in the development of prosthetic, orthotic and augmentation devices; • Imaging and diagnostic techniques; • Pathology; • Trauma; • Surgery; • Rehabilitation.