A Descriptive Study on the Vocal Behaviors in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Vocal Hygiene Knowledge and Phonotraumatic Behaviors.

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the level of vocal hygiene knowledge and phonotraumatic behaviors in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: The study included 25 children with ADHD, aged 8-11 years, and 25 age- and sex-matched typically developing children and their caregivers. All children were considered nondysphonic based on a Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (pVHI) score of <13. The children completed the Vocal Hygiene Knowledge Level Form, which was developed by the authors. Parents completed the Checklist Form, Conners's Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form, pVHI, and the Pediatric Phonotrauma Assessment Questions for Parents Form developed by the authors.

Results: Children with ADHD had more frequent phonotraumatic behaviors than typically developing children (P = 0.014). There was no significant difference in vocal hygiene knowledge between the two groups (P = 0.162).

Conclusion: Although children with ADHD had similar levels of vocal hygiene knowledge compared to typically developing children, they had higher rates of phonotraumatic behaviors. These findings indicate a higher risk of dysphonia in children with ADHD. It is suggested that the results of the present study may increase the awareness of voice professions in developing preventive approaches for vocal health in children with ADHD.