Peripheral Blood T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Diversity as a Potential Biomarker in the Diagnosis and Treatment Evaluation of Colorectal and Lung Cancers: A Prospective Observational Study

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70937

Jilong Ma, Yuanbiao Wang, Zhixin Zhang, Xinyi Cai, Xudong Xiang, Yan Chen, Fengqiong Sun, Jian Dong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

T-cell receptor (TCR) diversity 50 (D50) values could assess peripheral blood (PB) TCR diversity and immunity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential D50 value in the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of colorectal cancer (CRC) and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

This prospective observational study enrolled patients with CRC, benign colorectal disease (BCD), NSCLC, or benign nodule controls (BNC) and healthy donors (HD) at Yunnan Cancer Hospital between January 2021 and June 2022. PB specimens were used for TCRβ sequencing, and D50 was calculated and compared within different groups. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of D50 in CRC and NSCLC.

Results

A total of 114 HD and 115 CRC, 31 BCD, 67 NSCLC, and 25 BNC patients were enrolled. Both CRC and NSCLC patients exhibited significantly lower D50 compared with HDs (p < 0.001), whereas BCD and BNC patients showed a modest decrease in TCR diversity (p < 0.05). NSCLC patients with lymph node metastases had markedly lower D50 than those without lymph node metastasis (0.05 vs. 0.11, p < 0.01). Higher D50 was found in CRC and NSCLC patients with normal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (p < 0.05). The potential of D50 value for early detection of CRC and NSCLC was demonstrated, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.736 for CRC (sensitivity: 71.30%, specificity: 68.42%) and 0.768 for NSCLC (sensitivity: 83.58%, specificity: 60.53%). Significant differences in D50 values were observed between patients with tumor regression grade (TRG) 0–1 and those with TRG 2–3 (p = 0.027), with an AUC of 0.731 (sensitivity: 68.75%, specificity: 76.92%).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that the PB TCR D50 values may have significant clinical value in cancer diagnosis and in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapies.

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外周血t细胞受体库多样性作为结直肠癌和肺癌诊断和治疗评估的潜在生物标志物：一项前瞻性观察研究

t细胞受体（TCR）多样性50 （D50）值可用于评价外周血（PB） TCR多样性和免疫功能。本研究旨在评价D50在结直肠癌（CRC）和非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）诊断和治疗评价中的潜在价值。该前瞻性观察研究纳入了2021年1月至2022年6月云南省肿瘤医院的结直肠癌、良性结直肠癌（BCD）、非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）或良性结节对照（BNC）和健康供体（HD）患者。采用PB标本进行TCRβ测序，计算各组间D50并进行比较。采用曲线下面积（AUC）评价D50在结直肠癌和非小细胞肺癌中的诊断价值。结果共纳入114例HD、115例CRC、31例BCD、67例NSCLC和25例BNC患者。与hd患者相比，CRC和NSCLC患者的D50均显著降低（p < 0.001），而BCD和BNC患者的TCR多样性略有降低（p < 0.05）。有淋巴结转移的NSCLC患者D50明显低于无淋巴结转移的NSCLC患者（0.05 vs. 0.11, p < 0.01）。癌胚抗原（CEA）水平正常的结直肠癌和非小细胞肺癌患者D50较高（p < 0.05）。D50值在CRC和NSCLC早期检测中的潜力得到证实，其中CRC的受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）为0.736（敏感性：71.30%，特异性：68.42%），NSCLC的受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）为0.768（敏感性：83.58%，特异性：60.53%）。肿瘤消退等级（TRG） 0 ~ 1与TRG 2 ~ 3患者的D50值差异有统计学意义（p = 0.027）， AUC为0.731（敏感性：68.75%，特异性：76.92%）。结论PB TCR D50值在肿瘤诊断和评价新辅助治疗效果方面具有重要的临床价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.