Advancement in smart bone implants: the latest multifunctional strategies and synergistic mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration

IF 18 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Bioactive Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.05.004

Shishuo Li , Zhentao Man , Kangqing Zuo , Linbo Zhang , Taixing Zhang , Guiyong Xiao , Yupeng Lu , Wei Li , Ningbo Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Artificial implants have consistently been recognized as the most effective clinical strategy for repairing bone fractures and defects, particularly in orthopedics and stomatology. Nowadays, the focus of bone repair has shifted from basic fixation and structural restoration to the reconstruction of multifunctional “live” tissue to mimic the natural bone microenvironment. However, developing the smart implants with ideal osteogenesis-related multi-functions remains challenging, as the effects of physicochemical properties of implant materials on intracellular signaling, stem cell niches, and tissue regeneration are not yet fully understood. Herein, we systematically explore recent advancements in innovative strategies for bone repair and regeneration, revealing the significance of the smart implants that closely mimic the natural structure and function of bone tissue. Adaptation to patient-oriented osteogenic microenvironments, dynamic osteoblastogenesis-osteoclastogenesis balance, antibacterial/bactericidal capacity, vascularization, and osteoimmunomodulatory capacity and their regulatory mechanisms achieved by biomaterials design and functional modifications are thoroughly summarized and analyzed. Notably, the popular research on multifunctional platforms with synergetic interactions between different functions and treatment of complex clinical issues, including the emerging neurogenic bone repair, is also significantly discussed for developing more intelligent implants. By summarizing recent research efforts, this review proposes the latest multifunctional strategies and synergistic mechanisms of smart bone implants, aiming to provide better bone defect repair applications that more closely mimic the natural bone tissue.

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智能骨植入物的进展：组织修复和再生的最新多功能策略和协同机制

人工种植体一直被认为是修复骨折和骨缺损最有效的临床策略，特别是在骨科和口腔科。目前，骨修复的重点已经从基本的固定和结构修复转向模拟自然骨微环境的多功能“活”组织重建。然而，开发具有理想成骨相关多功能的智能植入物仍然具有挑战性，因为植入材料的理化性质对细胞内信号传导、干细胞龛和组织再生的影响尚未完全了解。在此，我们系统地探讨了骨修复和再生创新策略的最新进展，揭示了智能植入物密切模仿骨组织的自然结构和功能的重要性。对以患者为导向的成骨微环境的适应、成骨细胞生成-破骨细胞生成的动态平衡、抗菌/杀菌能力、血管化和骨免疫调节能力及其通过生物材料设计和功能修饰实现的调节机制进行了全面的总结和分析。值得注意的是，在不同功能之间协同相互作用的多功能平台和复杂临床问题的治疗方面的流行研究，包括新兴的神经源性骨修复，也被广泛讨论用于开发更智能的植入物。本文综述了近年来的研究成果，提出了智能骨植入物的最新多功能策略和协同机制，旨在为更接近自然骨组织的骨缺损修复提供更好的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bioactive Materials Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

28.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

436

审稿时长

20 days

期刊介绍： Bioactive Materials is a peer-reviewed research publication that focuses on advancements in bioactive materials. The journal accepts research papers, reviews, and rapid communications in the field of next-generation biomaterials that interact with cells, tissues, and organs in various living organisms. The primary goal of Bioactive Materials is to promote the science and engineering of biomaterials that exhibit adaptiveness to the biological environment. These materials are specifically designed to stimulate or direct appropriate cell and tissue responses or regulate interactions with microorganisms. The journal covers a wide range of bioactive materials, including those that are engineered or designed in terms of their physical form (e.g. particulate, fiber), topology (e.g. porosity, surface roughness), or dimensions (ranging from macro to nano-scales). Contributions are sought from the following categories of bioactive materials: Bioactive metals and alloys Bioactive inorganics: ceramics, glasses, and carbon-based materials Bioactive polymers and gels Bioactive materials derived from natural sources Bioactive composites These materials find applications in human and veterinary medicine, such as implants, tissue engineering scaffolds, cell/drug/gene carriers, as well as imaging and sensing devices.