Morphological Traits and Biochemical and Volatile Compound Composition along with Gene Expression Profiling in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. Grown under Soil and Soil-Less Conditions

IF 2.3 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Mahinder Partap, Anjali Chandel, Diksha Sharma, Kamlesh Verma, Priyanka Parmar, Vikas Soni, Vidyashankar Srivatsan and Bhavya Bhargava*, 
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Abstract

The present investigation corroborates the effect of different cultivation conditions (polyhouse soil and Dutch bucket soil-less) on morpho-physiological traits, biochemical content, volatile compound composition, and gene expression analysis in four different flower colors cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium (‘Meghna Orange’, ‘Aishwarya Yellow’, ‘Shanka White’, ‘Chandra Pink’). The results revealed that maximum performance in morphological traits such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and flower diameter was recorded in C. morifolium cultivars grown in soil-less conditions compared with soil cultivation. However, a marginal increase in the number of flowers per plant was observed in soil-cultivated cultivars. Further, the number of days to flowering was shortened in C. morifolium cultivars grown in soil-less conditions compared to plants grown in soil cultivation. The growth biomass of flowers, chlorophyll content of leaves, total carbohydrates, total sugar, and total carotenoids content of the flowers produced from soil-less cultivation were enhanced compared to that of soil cultivated flowers. However, a slight decrease in total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity was observed in flowers obtained from soil-less cultivation compared to the soil-cultivated ones. A total of 49 volatile compounds were identified in flowers, with eucalyptol being the predominant compound in C. morifolium produced under both cultivation systems. However, the total identified percentage of volatile compounds was the highest in soil-cultivated cultivars. Interestingly, the expression of differentially expressed genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and photosynthesis was higher in flowers cultivated under soil-less conditions compared to soil conditions.

菊花形态性状、生化挥发物组成及基因表达谱分析。在有土和无土条件下种植
本研究证实了不同栽培条件(多钵土和荷兰斗土)对4个不同花色品种(‘Meghna Orange’、‘Aishwarya Yellow’、‘Shanka White’、‘Chandra Pink’)菊花形态生理性状、生化含量、挥发性化合物组成和基因表达的影响。结果表明:与土壤栽培相比,无土栽培的柽柳在株高、叶长、叶宽、花径等形态性状上表现最好;然而,在土壤栽培的品种中,每株花的数量略有增加。此外,与土壤栽培的植物相比,无土栽培的morifolium品种的开花天数缩短。无土栽培花卉的生长生物量、叶片叶绿素含量、总碳水化合物、总糖和总类胡萝卜素含量均高于土壤栽培花卉。然而,与土壤栽培的花相比,无土栽培的花的总酚类物质、类黄酮和抗氧化能力略有下降。花中共鉴定出49种挥发性化合物,桉树醇是两种栽培体系下产的主要挥发性化合物。但土壤栽培品种挥发性化合物总鉴定百分比最高。有趣的是,与土壤条件相比,无土条件下栽培的花中涉及类黄酮生物合成、植物激素信号转导和光合作用的差异表达基因的表达量更高。
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CiteScore
2.80
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