Examining the possible application of a ZrO2-supported FeS-based nanocomposite as a supercapacitor's electrochemical effectuation electrode

Abstract

FeS/ZrO₂ nanocomposites in varying ratios FZ-1 as (1:1), FZ-2 as (1:2), and FZ-3 as (1:4) by weight were successfully synthesised using hydrothermal and ball milling approach. The XRD experimental results indicate that the synthesised nanocomposite with a ratio of (1:2) exhibits a high degree of crystallinity. FeS/ZrO₂ demonstrates improved specific capacitance of 982 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, attributable to their distinct surface attributes and the synergistic impact occurring between Fe⁺² and Zr⁺⁴ ions. A hybrid supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed using FeS-based zirconium oxide electrode materials as cathode and activated carbon (AC) as anode. The ASC successfully accomplished function at a maximum potential difference of 1.6 V. At a power density of 796 W/kg, FZ-2//AC ASC produced an energy density of 73 Wh/kg, commendable to compete with the existing sulfide and oxide based supercapacitor. Conversely, FZ-1//AC and FZ-3//AC ASC demonstrated energy density of 47.6 Wh/kg, 30 Wh/kg at power density of 790 W/kg and 788 W/kg. Throughout continuous 500 GCD cycles, FZ-2 ASCs demonstrated cyclic stability of 71 % at 1 A/g having potential variation -1 to 0.6 V. The results indicate that the synthesized nanocomposite with a ratio of (1:2) demonstrates exceptional promise for supercapacitor applications.