Chronic physical activity and the prevention of Alzheimer's disease

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102875

Jennifer L. Etnier, Chadsley M. Wessinger, Bryan Montero Herrera, Kylie C. Kayser

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Abstract

The growing population of older adults and the lack of cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has resulted in researchers identifying modifiable lifestyle factors that might prevent or slow the progression of the disease. Prospective studies exploring the relationship between baseline physical activity (PA) and the subsequent risk of a diagnoses of AD and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on cognitive performance, blood-based biomarkers of AD, and neuroimaging measures of brain health provide some intriguing results. Exemplars of these studies and results from meta-analytic reviews (when available) are presented to provide an overview of the state of the science. In general, results from prospective studies show that PA is protective, and results from RCTs show that AE improves cognitive performance by older adults who are cognitively normal and by those with mild cognitive impairment. Promising results have been observed for AE on measures of brain health, and studies exploring the effects on biomarkers have yielded some intriguing results but are less consistent to date. Studies testing the effects of RE also find benefits for cognitive performance by older adults and consistently show improvements in brain health. In conclusion, results from prospective studies and RCTs demonstrate the potential of exercise to improve cognition, brain health, and, to a lesser extent, blood-based biomarkers. Future research linking the magnitude of the findings from RCTs with evidence from prospective studies will advance our understanding of the potential of exercise to reduce the risk of AD.

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慢性体育活动与阿尔茨海默病的预防。

老年人口的增长和阿尔茨海默病（AD）的治疗方法的缺乏导致研究人员确定了可改变的生活方式因素，这些因素可能会预防或减缓疾病的进展。前瞻性研究探索了基线体力活动（PA）与随后AD诊断风险之间的关系，随机对照试验（rct）测试了有氧运动（AE）和阻力运动（RE）对认知能力、AD血液生物标志物和大脑健康神经影像学指标的影响，提供了一些有趣的结果。这些研究的范例和荟萃分析评论的结果（当可用时）被提出，以提供科学状态的概述。总体而言，前瞻性研究结果显示PA具有保护作用，随机对照试验结果显示AE可改善认知正常老年人和轻度认知障碍老年人的认知表现。声发射对大脑健康的测量已经观察到有希望的结果，探索对生物标志物的影响的研究也产生了一些有趣的结果，但迄今为止还不太一致。测试可再生能源效果的研究也发现，可再生能源对老年人的认知能力有好处，并不断显示出对大脑健康的改善。总之，前瞻性研究和随机对照试验的结果表明，运动有可能改善认知、大脑健康，并在较小程度上改善基于血液的生物标志物。未来的研究将随机对照试验的大量发现与前瞻性研究的证据联系起来，将促进我们对运动降低AD风险的潜力的理解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychology of Sport and Exercise 医学-心理学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

172

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Psychology of Sport and Exercise is an international forum for scholarly reports in the psychology of sport and exercise, broadly defined. The journal is open to the use of diverse methodological approaches. Manuscripts that will be considered for publication will present results from high quality empirical research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, commentaries concerning already published PSE papers or topics of general interest for PSE readers, protocol papers for trials, and reports of professional practice (which will need to demonstrate academic rigour and go beyond mere description). The CONSORT guidelines consort-statement need to be followed for protocol papers for trials; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the CONSORT checklist. For meta-analysis, the PRISMA prisma-statement guidelines should be followed; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the PRISMA checklist. For systematic reviews it is recommended that the PRISMA guidelines are followed, although it is not compulsory. Authors interested in submitting replications of published studies need to contact the Editors-in-Chief before they start their replication. We are not interested in manuscripts that aim to test the psychometric properties of an existing scale from English to another language, unless new validation methods are used which address previously unanswered research questions.