Adolescent-specific risk and protective factors of substance use among high school students in the United States: A cross-sectional study.

Richard C Wang, Daniel I Lipin, Thomas K Swoboda, Usha Sambamoorthi
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Abstract

Objective: Substance use among U.S. adolescents is a critical public health concern. This study evaluates risk and protective factors for substance use among high school students. Methods: Using data from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a cross-sectional analysis of 6,072 high school students was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed associations between substance use (alcohol, tobacco, illicit drugs) and adolescent-specific factors, adjusting for sex, grade, health insurance, and poverty status. Results: Overall, 35.6% of students reported using alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs in the past year. Antisocial behavior significantly increased the odds of alcohol (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.02-3.19), tobacco (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.92-2.89), and illicit drug use (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI = 2.22-3.19; p < .001). Religious involvement reduced the odds of alcohol (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64-0.97, p = .026), tobacco (AOR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.56-0.90, p = .006), and illicit drug use (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.45-0.77, p < .001). Conclusions: One in three high school students reported substance use. Antisocial behaviors increase risk, while religious involvement offers protection. Interventions targeting these factors may reduce adolescent substance use.

美国高中生物质使用的青少年特定风险和保护因素:一项横断面研究。
目的:美国青少年药物使用是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究评估高中生药物使用的风险及保护因素。方法:利用2022年全国毒品使用与健康调查数据,对6072名高中生进行横断面分析。多变量逻辑回归分析了物质使用(酒精、烟草、非法药物)与青少年特定因素之间的关联,并对性别、年级、健康保险和贫困状况进行了调整。结果:总体而言,35.6%的学生报告在过去一年中使用酒精,烟草或非法药物。反社会行为显著增加了酗酒(AOR = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.02-3.19)、吸烟(AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.92-2.89)和吸毒(AOR = 2.66, 95% CI = 2.22-3.19)的几率;P < 0.001)。宗教信仰降低了酗酒(AOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64-0.97, p = 0.026)、吸烟(AOR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.56-0.90, p = 0.006)和吸毒(AOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.45-0.77, p < 0.001)的几率。结论:三分之一的高中生报告了药物滥用。反社会行为会增加患病风险,而宗教信仰提供了保护。针对这些因素的干预措施可能会减少青少年的药物使用。
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