Investigating the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and autoimmune diseases in a pediatric population: a comprehensive analysis.

IF 2.8 3区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS
Cynthia Freiberg, Arad Dotan, Dana Arnheim, Yonatan Butbul Aviel
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic there were reports of an increased association between COVID 19 and various autoimmune diseases (AID) in adults. This study aims to investigate the incidence of AIDs in children before and during the pandemic and explores potential links to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Methods: We analyzed 493,705 anonymized medical records from Maccabi Healthcare Services, Israel's second-largest healthcare provider, to study AID incidence during 2014-2022. The study period was divided into three phases: two pre-pandemic phases of equal duration (A and B) and a pandemic phase (C).

Results: Of 4,596 (0.9%) patients diagnosed with an AID in the cohort, incidence rates were 0.9% for Group A (2014-2016), 1.0% for Group B (2017-2019), and 0.9% for Group C (2020-2022) (p = 0.13). Logistic regression showed no significant differences in overall autoimmune disease incidence between the pre-COVID and COVID periods. Notably, specific conditions like celiac disease showed reduced incidence in Group A (OR 0.8309, p = 0.0071) while arthritis was significantly more common in Groups A and B. Additionally, COVID-19 diagnosis was not significantly associated with increased autoimmune disease risk (HR 1.092, p = 0.491); however, receiving at least one COVID vaccine was linked to higher risk (HR 1.2323, p = 0.0033).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the overall incidence of new-onset autoimmune diseases in children remained relatively stable during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study indicates a potential association between COVID-19 vaccination and an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases, necessitating further research to elucidate long-term effects in the pediatric population.

在儿科人群中调查SARS-CoV-2感染、COVID-19疫苗接种和自身免疫性疾病之间的关系:一项综合分析
背景:在COVID-19大流行期间,有报道称COVID-19与成人各种自身免疫性疾病(AID)之间的相关性增加。本研究旨在调查大流行之前和期间儿童艾滋病发病率,并探讨与SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的潜在联系。方法:我们分析了来自以色列第二大医疗服务提供商马卡比医疗服务公司的493,705份匿名医疗记录,以研究2014-2022年期间艾滋病的发病率。研究期间分为三个阶段:两个持续时间相同的大流行前阶段(A和B)和一个大流行阶段(C)。结果:在队列中诊断为AID的4596例(0.9%)患者中,A组(2014-2016年)的发病率为0.9%,B组(2017-2019年)的发病率为1.0%,C组(2020-2022年)的发病率为0.9% (p = 0.13)。Logistic回归显示,整体自身免疫性疾病发病率在COVID前和COVID期间无显著差异。值得注意的是,乳糜泻等特殊疾病在A组的发病率降低(OR 0.8309, p = 0.0071),而关节炎在A组和b组明显更常见。此外,COVID-19的诊断与自身免疫性疾病风险增加没有显著相关(HR 1.092, p = 0.491);然而,接种至少一种COVID疫苗与更高的风险相关(HR 1.2323, p = 0.0033)。结论:我们的研究结果表明,在COVID-19大流行期间,儿童新发自身免疫性疾病的总体发病率保持相对稳定。该研究表明,COVID-19疫苗接种与自身免疫性疾病风险增加之间存在潜在关联,需要进一步研究以阐明对儿科人群的长期影响。
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来源期刊
Pediatric Rheumatology
Pediatric Rheumatology PEDIATRICS-RHEUMATOLOGY
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
8.00%
发文量
95
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Pediatric Rheumatology is an open access, peer-reviewed, online journal encompassing all aspects of clinical and basic research related to pediatric rheumatology and allied subjects. The journal’s scope of diseases and syndromes include musculoskeletal pain syndromes, rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal syndromes, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile dermatomyositis, local and systemic scleroderma, Kawasaki disease, Henoch-Schonlein purpura and other vasculitides, sarcoidosis, inherited musculoskeletal syndromes, autoinflammatory syndromes, and others.
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