Contributions of Behavioral and Electrophysiological Spectrotemporal Processing to the Perception of Degraded Speech in Younger and Older Adults.

IF 2.2 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00667

Bruna S Mussoi, A'Diva Warren, Jordin Benedict, Serena Sereki, Julia Jones Huyck

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate (a) the effect of aging on spectral and temporal resolution, as measured both behaviorally and electrophysiologically, and (b) the contributions of spectral and temporal resolution and cognition to speech perception in younger and older adults.

Method: Eighteen younger and 18 older listeners with normal hearing or no more than mild-moderate hearing loss participated in this cross-sectional study. Speech recognition was assessed with the QuickSIN test and six-band noise-vocoded sentences. Frequency discrimination, temporal interval discrimination, and gap detection thresholds were obtained using a three-alternative forced-choice task. Cortical auditory evoked potentials were recorded in response to tonal frequency changes and to gaps in noise. Cognitive testing included nonverbal reasoning, vocabulary, working memory, and processing speed.

Results: There were age-related declines on many outcome measures, including speech perception in noise, cognition (nonverbal reasoning, processing speed), behavioral gap detection thresholds, and neural correlates of spectral and temporal processing (smaller P1 amplitudes and prolonged P2 latencies in response to frequency change; smaller N1-P2 amplitudes and longer P1, N1, P2 latencies to temporal gaps). Hearing thresholds and neural processing of spectral and temporal information were the main predictors of degraded speech recognition performance, in addition to cognition and perceptual learning. These factors accounted for 58% of the variability on the QuickSIN test and 41% of variability on the noise-vocoded speech.

Conclusions: The results confirm and extend previous work demonstrating age-related declines in gap detection, cognition, and neural processing of spectral and temporal features of sounds. Neural measures of spectral and temporal processing were better predictors of speech perception than behavioral ones.

Supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28883711.

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行为和电生理光谱处理对年轻人和老年人退化言语感知的贡献。

目的：本研究的目的是评估(a)年龄对频谱和时间分辨率的影响，通过行为和电生理测量，以及(b)频谱和时间分辨率和认知对年轻人和老年人言语感知的贡献。方法：18名听力正常或不超过轻中度听力损失的年轻人和18名老年人参加了这项横断面研究。使用QuickSIN测试和六波段噪声语音编码句子来评估语音识别。频率判别、时间间隔判别和间隙检测阈值采用三选项强迫选择任务。记录皮层听觉诱发电位对音调频率变化和噪声间隙的反应。认知测试包括非语言推理、词汇、工作记忆和处理速度。结果：在噪声环境下的语音感知、认知（非语言推理、处理速度）、行为间隙检测阈值、频谱和时间处理的神经相关指标（频率变化导致P1幅值减小、P2潜伏期延长）等多项结果指标均出现与年龄相关的下降；N1-P2振幅较小，P1、N1、P2潜伏期较长)。除了认知和感知学习外，听力阈值和频谱和时间信息的神经处理是语音识别性能下降的主要预测因素。这些因素在QuickSIN测试中占58%的可变性，在噪声编码语音中占41%的可变性。结论：研究结果证实并扩展了先前的研究成果，证明了声音的间隔检测、认知和频谱和时间特征的神经处理与年龄有关。频谱和时间加工的神经测量比行为测量更能预测言语感知。补充资料：https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28883711。

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来源期刊

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY-REHABILITATION

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

19.20%

发文量

538

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Mission: JSLHR publishes peer-reviewed research and other scholarly articles on the normal and disordered processes in speech, language, hearing, and related areas such as cognition, oral-motor function, and swallowing. The journal is an international outlet for both basic research on communication processes and clinical research pertaining to screening, diagnosis, and management of communication disorders as well as the etiologies and characteristics of these disorders. JSLHR seeks to advance evidence-based practice by disseminating the results of new studies as well as providing a forum for critical reviews and meta-analyses of previously published work. Scope: The broad field of communication sciences and disorders, including speech production and perception; anatomy and physiology of speech and voice; genetics, biomechanics, and other basic sciences pertaining to human communication; mastication and swallowing; speech disorders; voice disorders; development of speech, language, or hearing in children; normal language processes; language disorders; disorders of hearing and balance; psychoacoustics; and anatomy and physiology of hearing.