{"title":"Plasmopara viticola Effector PvRXLR10 Targets a Host Phospholipase VvipPLA-IIδ2 to Suppress Plant Immunity in Grapevine.","authors":"Junjie Qu, Lulu Liu, Chengxu Zheng, Zexi Guo, Dayun Sun, Fengying Pan, Jiang Lu, Ling Yin","doi":"10.1111/mpp.70095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasmopara viticola that causes grapevine downy mildew disease in viticulture regions is among the 10 most relevant pathogens worldwide. It secretes a large arsenal of effectors to facilitate colonisation by perturbing host immunity. However, the underlying mechanisms by which P. viticola effectors disturb grapevine defence are still largely unknown. In this study, we report that PvRXLR10, an RXLR effector with a WY domain, promotes P. viticola infection in grapevine and Phytophthora parasitica colonisation in Nicotiana benthamiana. PvRXLR10 interacts with a host patatin-like protein VvipPLA-IIδ2 with phospholipase A2 activity. The WY domain of PvRXLR10 is not responsible for cell death suppression in N. benthamiana but is necessary for PvRXLR10 interaction with VvipPLA-IIδ2. Overexpression and RNAi-mediated suppression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 expression in Vitis vinifera consistently showed that this protein positively regulates plant immunity in response to P. viticola infection. Interestingly, we found that VvipPLA-IIδ2 partially associates with PvRXLR10 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that the expression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 was suppressed by PvRXLR10 during P. viticola infection. The overexpression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 in V. vinifera induced higher expression of genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, signalling pathways and defence response. The evidence indicates the important roles of VvipPLA-IIδ2 in grapevine immunity and P. viticola effector PvRXLR10 targets this protein to promote its infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18763,"journal":{"name":"Molecular plant pathology","volume":"26 5","pages":"e70095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081833/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular plant pathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.70095","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Plasmopara viticola that causes grapevine downy mildew disease in viticulture regions is among the 10 most relevant pathogens worldwide. It secretes a large arsenal of effectors to facilitate colonisation by perturbing host immunity. However, the underlying mechanisms by which P. viticola effectors disturb grapevine defence are still largely unknown. In this study, we report that PvRXLR10, an RXLR effector with a WY domain, promotes P. viticola infection in grapevine and Phytophthora parasitica colonisation in Nicotiana benthamiana. PvRXLR10 interacts with a host patatin-like protein VvipPLA-IIδ2 with phospholipase A2 activity. The WY domain of PvRXLR10 is not responsible for cell death suppression in N. benthamiana but is necessary for PvRXLR10 interaction with VvipPLA-IIδ2. Overexpression and RNAi-mediated suppression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 expression in Vitis vinifera consistently showed that this protein positively regulates plant immunity in response to P. viticola infection. Interestingly, we found that VvipPLA-IIδ2 partially associates with PvRXLR10 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that the expression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 was suppressed by PvRXLR10 during P. viticola infection. The overexpression of VvipPLA-IIδ2 in V. vinifera induced higher expression of genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, signalling pathways and defence response. The evidence indicates the important roles of VvipPLA-IIδ2 in grapevine immunity and P. viticola effector PvRXLR10 targets this protein to promote its infection.
在葡萄种植区引起葡萄霜霉病的葡萄浆原菌是世界上10种最相关的病原体之一。它分泌大量的效应物,通过扰乱宿主免疫来促进定植。然而,葡萄球菌效应物干扰葡萄藤防御的潜在机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在本研究中,我们报道了一个带有WY结构域的RXLR效应物PvRXLR10,它能促进葡萄病原菌感染和本烟霉疫霉菌的定殖。PvRXLR10与宿主patatin样蛋白vvippla - i δ2相互作用,具有磷脂酶A2活性。PvRXLR10的WY结构域与benthamiana细胞死亡抑制无关,但对于PvRXLR10与vvippla - i δ2的相互作用是必需的。vvippla - i- δ2蛋白在葡萄中的过表达和rnai介导的抑制一致表明该蛋白在葡萄侵染过程中积极调节植物免疫应答。有趣的是,我们发现vvippla - i δ2在内质网(ER)与PvRXLR10部分结合。逆转录-定量PCR (RT-qPCR)分析显示,PvRXLR10在葡萄假单胞菌感染过程中抑制了vvippla - i - δ2的表达。vvippla - i δ2在葡萄花中的过表达诱导茉莉酸(jasmonic acid, JA)生物合成、信号通路和防御反应相关基因的高表达。证据表明,vvippla - i - δ2在葡萄免疫中起重要作用,葡萄假单胞菌效应物PvRXLR10靶向该蛋白促进其感染。
期刊介绍:
Molecular Plant Pathology is now an open access journal. Authors pay an article processing charge to publish in the journal and all articles will be freely available to anyone. BSPP members will be granted a 20% discount on article charges. The Editorial focus and policy of the journal has not be changed and the editorial team will continue to apply the same rigorous standards of peer review and acceptance criteria.