Cardiovascular disease risk factors are associated with conventional lipids and apolipoproteins in South African adults of African ancestry.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Lipids in Health and Disease Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.1186/s12944-025-02591-w

Anri Vorster, Ruan Kruger, Catharina Mc Mels, Yolandi Breet

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Although conventional lipids (high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG)) are therapeutic targets to manage and prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), apolipoprotein (Apo) levels have sparked interest for their potential to improve CVD risk prediction. This study explored the relationships of traditional CVD risk factors with conventional lipids, as well as ApoA1, ApoB and its ratio (ApoB: ApoA1) in South African adults of African ancestry.

Methods: This study included 1697 adults (aged 29 to 94) from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. The CVD risk markers included body mass index (BMI), physical activity index, tobacco use, dietary fat intake, γ-glutamyl transferase (γGT) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C). Conventional lipids were measured in serum samples using standard methodology, while ApoA1 and ApoB were measured using a multiplex magnetic bead immunoassay.

Results: Stratified into tertiles of conventional lipid and Apo levels, trends emerged across multiple CVD risk markers, including BMI, tobacco use, fat intake, γGT and HbA1C levels. Higher tertiles of LDLC, TC, TG, ApoB and ApoB: ApoA1, along with the lowest tertiles of HDLC and ApoA1 exhibited higher prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus (all p ≤ 0.024) and overweight or obesity (all except for TC, p ≤ 0.024). HDLC was negatively associated and LDLC, TC, and TG were positively associated with BMI (all p < 0.001) and HbA1C (all except for TC, p ≤ 0.005). Similarly, ApoA1 associated negatively with BMI (β=-0.067 (-0.125; -0.010), p = 0.022) and HbA1C (β=-0.071 (-0.122; -0.020), p = 0.007), while ApoB associated positively with BMI (β = 0.168 (0.117; 0.218), p < 0.001). The ApoB: ApoA1 showed positive associations with BMI (β = 0.213 (0.163; 0.263), p < 0.001) and HbA1C (β = 0.123 (0.074; 0.172), p < 0.001).

Conclusions: In South African adults of African ancestry, ApoA1, ApoB and ApoB: ApoA1 levels are associated with various established CVD risk markers and suggests that these apolipoproteins may provide additional mechanistic insights beyond the conventional lipids to understand the aetiology of early cardiometabolic disease development.

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在南非非洲裔成年人中，心血管疾病危险因素与常规脂质和载脂蛋白相关。

背景：虽然传统的脂质（高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDLC）、总胆固醇（TC）和甘油三酯（TG））是控制和预防动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）的治疗靶点，但载脂蛋白（Apo）水平因其改善CVD风险预测的潜力而引起了人们的兴趣。本研究探讨了南非非洲裔成年人传统心血管疾病危险因素与传统血脂、ApoA1、ApoB及其比值（ApoB: ApoA1）的关系。方法：本研究纳入来自前瞻性城乡流行病学（PURE）研究的1697名成年人（29至94岁）。心血管疾病的危险指标包括体重指数（BMI）、体力活动指数、吸烟、膳食脂肪摄入量、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（γGT）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）。使用标准方法测量血清样品中的常规脂质，而使用多重磁珠免疫分析法测量ApoA1和ApoB。结果：将常规脂质和载脂蛋白水平分层，揭示了多种心血管疾病风险指标的趋势，包括BMI、烟草使用、脂肪摄入、γ - gt和HbA1C水平。LDLC、TC、TG、ApoB和ApoB: ApoA1较高的分位数，以及HDLC和ApoA1最低的分位数显示出较高的II型糖尿病患病率（p均≤0.024）和超重或肥胖患病率（TC除外，p均≤0.024）。结论：在非洲血统的南非成年人中，ApoA1、ApoB和ApoB: ApoA1水平与各种已建立的心血管疾病风险标志物相关，这表明这些载脂蛋白可能提供了除了传统脂质之外的额外机制见解，以了解早期心脏代谢疾病发展的病因。

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来源期刊

Lipids in Health and Disease 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.20%

发文量

122

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Lipids in Health and Disease is an open access, peer-reviewed, journal that publishes articles on all aspects of lipids: their biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, role in health and disease, and the synthesis of new lipid compounds. Lipids in Health and Disease is aimed at all scientists, health professionals and physicians interested in the area of lipids. Lipids are defined here in their broadest sense, to include: cholesterol, essential fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, inositol lipids, second messenger lipids, enzymes and synthetic machinery that is involved in the metabolism of various lipids in the cells and tissues, and also various aspects of lipid transport, etc. In addition, the journal also publishes research that investigates and defines the role of lipids in various physiological processes, pathology and disease. In particular, the journal aims to bridge the gap between the bench and the clinic by publishing articles that are particularly relevant to human diseases and the role of lipids in the management of various diseases.