Age-Specific Clinical and Brain Features of Masticatory and Swallowing Performance.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of oral rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1111/joor.13998

Chia-Shu Lin, Wei-Chieh Kao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Mastication and swallowing are the fundamental processes for food intake and the primary functions of living. The clinical and neurological features associated with individual differences in masticatory performance and swallowing performance have remained unexplored.

Objectives: The study focuses on the age-specific association between masticatory/swallowing performance and oral/systemic/nutritional factors and their association with functional brain connectivity.

Methods: One-hundred and eighteen healthy adults (48 older age, 27 middle-aged and 43 younger age) were recruited for food-mixing and repetitive saliva swallowing tests, respectively, indexed for masticatory and swallowing performance, as well as oral, systemic and nutritional factors, including mid-upper arm and calf circumferences. Structural and resting-state (rs) functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired. Seed-based connectivity analyses were conducted to investigate the association between swallowing performance and rs-functional connectivity (rs-FC) of the sensorimotor network.

Results: (a) In contrast to mastication, individual swallowing performance was not associated with oral or systemic factors. (b) In older adults, higher mid-upper arm and calf circumferences were associated with both higher masticatory and swallowing performance (a statistically significant interaction, p = 0.018). (c) In older adults, higher swallowing performance was associated with stronger rs-FC between the cerebellum and basal ganglia (p = 0.008, corrected for small volume), whilst higher masticatory performance was associated with stronger rs-FC between the cerebellum and primary sensorimotor cortices (p = 0.045, corrected for small volume).

Conclusion: Our findings reveal age-specific associations between swallowing, mastication, nutritional factors and brain functional connectivity. The findings highlight the association between the brain and individual differences in masticatory and swallowing performance.

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咀嚼和吞咽行为的年龄特异性临床和脑特征。

背景：咀嚼和吞咽是食物摄取的基本过程，也是生命的主要功能。与咀嚼行为和吞咽行为个体差异相关的临床和神经学特征仍未得到探索。目的：本研究的重点是咀嚼/吞咽性能与口腔/全身/营养因素之间的年龄特异性关联及其与脑功能连接的关联。方法：118名健康成人（48名老年人，27名中年人和43名年轻人）分别参与食物混合和重复唾液吞咽测试，以咀嚼和吞咽性能为指标，以及口腔、全身和营养因素，包括上臂中部和小腿围。获得结构和静息状态（rs）功能磁共振成像。采用基于种子的连通性分析来研究吞咽行为与感觉运动网络的rs-功能连通性（rs-FC）之间的关系。结果：(a)与咀嚼相比，个体吞咽表现与口腔或全身因素无关。(b)在老年人中，较高的上臂和小腿围与较高的咀嚼和吞咽能力相关（统计学上显著的相互作用，p = 0.018）。(c)在老年人中，较高的吞咽能力与小脑和基底节区之间较强的rs-FC相关（p = 0.008，对小体积进行校正），而较高的咀嚼能力与小脑和初级感觉运动皮层之间较强的rs-FC相关（p = 0.045，对小体积进行校正）。结论：我们的研究结果揭示了吞咽、咀嚼、营养因素和大脑功能连接之间的年龄特异性关联。研究结果强调了大脑与咀嚼和吞咽行为的个体差异之间的联系。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral rehabilitation 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

116

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Rehabilitation aims to be the most prestigious journal of dental research within all aspects of oral rehabilitation and applied oral physiology. It covers all diagnostic and clinical management aspects necessary to re-establish a subjective and objective harmonious oral function. Oral rehabilitation may become necessary as a result of developmental or acquired disturbances in the orofacial region, orofacial traumas, or a variety of dental and oral diseases (primarily dental caries and periodontal diseases) and orofacial pain conditions. As such, oral rehabilitation in the twenty-first century is a matter of skilful diagnosis and minimal, appropriate intervention, the nature of which is intimately linked to a profound knowledge of oral physiology, oral biology, and dental and oral pathology. The scientific content of the journal therefore strives to reflect the best of evidence-based clinical dentistry. Modern clinical management should be based on solid scientific evidence gathered about diagnostic procedures and the properties and efficacy of the chosen intervention (e.g. material science, biological, toxicological, pharmacological or psychological aspects). The content of the journal also reflects documentation of the possible side-effects of rehabilitation, and includes prognostic perspectives of the treatment modalities chosen.