Synergistic effects of Trichoderma and biochar on the biocontrol of two soil-borne phytopathogens in chickpeas.

IF 4 2区生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Frontiers in Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1583114

Ranjna Kumari, Vipul Kumar, Bhupendra Koul, Mohammad Abul Farah, Awdhesh Kumar Mishra

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to identify and characterize four Trichoderma isolates using molecular techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) profiling.

Methods: The antagonistic activity of these isolates was assessed against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FOC) and Sclerotium rolfsii (SR) using a dual culture technique. The synergistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum (accession no. PP256488) combined with biochar (BC) was evaluated for plant growth enhancement and disease suppression. Four Trichoderma isolates (T. harzianum, T. asperellum, T. virens, and T. lixii) were identified through ITS region analysis, VOC profiling, and FTIR spectroscopy.

Results: Molecular analysis confirmed their distinct identities, and GC-MS analysis revealed 37 VOCs out of 162 with antipathogenic properties. Unique FTIR peaks were recorded at 3271.96 cm^-1 for T. virens, 2800-2900 cm^-1 for T. asperellum, and 2850-2950 cm^-1 for both T. lixii and T. harzianum. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of T. harzianum revealed mycoparasitic structures, including hyphal coils, penetration holes, and appressoria, indicating effective pathogen interaction. The combined application of Trichoderma and biochar (T9) significantly enhanced root length (9.23 cm), plant height (26.03 cm), and root mass (43.33 g) in chickpea plants. Moreover, treatments (T9) and (T10) reduced the disease incidence in chickpeas, decreasing fusarium wilt by 27% and collar rot by 33%, respectively.

Conclusion: This sustainable approach exhibits the potential of combined application of Trichoderma and biochar which can enhance plant growth and reduce disease incidence, and improve food security.

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木霉和生物炭对鹰嘴豆两种土传植物病原体的协同防治作用。

摘要：本研究旨在利用分子技术、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和挥发性有机化合物（VOC）谱分析对4株木霉进行鉴定和表征。方法：采用双培养法测定分离菌株对镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri， FOC）和罗氏菌核菌（Sclerotium rolfsii， SR）的拮抗活性。研究了哈茨木霉的增效作用。研究了生物炭（BC）与PP256488复合对植物生长的促进作用和病害抑制作用。通过ITS区域分析、挥发性有机化合物（VOC）谱分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术鉴定出4株木霉（T. harzianum， T. asperellum， T. virens和T. lixii）。结果：分子分析证实了它们的不同身份，GC-MS分析显示162种挥发性有机化合物中有37种具有抗致病性。在3271.96 cm-1的FTIR峰范围内，T. virens， T. asperellum， T. lixii和T. harzianum分别为2800 ~ 2900 cm-1和2850 ~ 2950 cm-1。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析显示，哈兹菌的真菌结构包括菌丝线圈、穿透孔和附着胞，表明有效的病原体相互作用。木霉与生物炭（T9）配施显著提高了鹰嘴豆植株的根长（9.23 cm）、株高（26.03 cm）和根质量（43.33 g）。此外，处理（T9）和（T10）降低了鹰嘴豆的发病率，分别减少了27%的枯萎病和33%的领腐病。结论：木霉与生物炭联合应用具有促进植物生长、降低病害发生率、提高粮食安全的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Microbiology MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

9.60%

发文量

4837

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Microbiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire spectrum of microbiology. Field Chief Editor Martin G. Klotz at Washington State University is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.