Arteries and Hearts in Motion: Sex Differences in Exercise-Mediated Protection Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI:10.1007/s11883-025-01300-3

Zachary S Clayton, Mackenzie N Kehmeier, Ryan Rosenberry, Emily A Larson, Amélie Debray, Susan Cheng, Kerrie L Moreau

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the benefits of various exercise training modalities on subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors (i.e., endothelial dysfunction, large artery stiffening, carotid artery intima-media thickening) across the adult lifespan and the moderating role of biological sex, with the goal of informing/being to inform research gaps and future research directions.

Recent findings: Regular exercise is an effective intervention to counter subclinical risk factors for ASCVD. However, sex-specific variation has been observed in exercise training benefits. For example, aerobic exercise improves large artery stiffening in both middle-aged/older men and women and enhances endothelial function in middle-aged/older men; however, similar exercise-mediated improvements in endothelial function are not consistently observed in postmenopausal women Sex differences in exercise benefits may be related to differences in the sex hormone environment across the adult lifespan that influence cellular-molecular mechanisms, disconnecting favorable signaling in the vasculature induced by exercise training. Moreover, differences could be explained by social and/or psychological factors that make women more susceptible, on average, to barriers to exercise training compared to age-matched men.

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运动中的动脉和心脏：运动介导的预防动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险的性别差异

综述目的：本综述总结了目前关于各种运动训练方式对亚临床动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）危险因素（即内皮功能障碍、大动脉硬化、颈动脉内膜-中膜增厚）的益处以及生理性别的调节作用的知识，目的是为研究空白和未来的研究方向提供信息。最近的研究发现：定期运动是对抗ASCVD亚临床危险因素的有效干预措施。然而，在运动训练的益处方面，已经观察到性别差异。例如，有氧运动可以改善中年/老年男性和女性的大动脉硬化，增强中年/老年男性的内皮功能；然而，在绝经后妇女中并没有观察到类似的运动介导的内皮功能改善。运动益处的性别差异可能与成人一生中性激素环境的差异有关，性激素环境的差异会影响细胞分子机制，切断运动训练诱导的血管中有利的信号通路。此外，社会和/或心理因素可以解释这种差异，这些因素使女性比同龄男性更容易受到运动训练障碍的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Atherosclerosis Reports 医学-

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The aim of this journal is to systematically provide expert views on current basic science and clinical advances in the field of atherosclerosis and highlight the most important developments likely to transform the field of cardiovascular prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors who select leading experts from around the world to provide definitive reviews on key topics and papers published in the past year. We also provide supplementary reviews and commentaries from well-known figures in the field. An Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.