Polygenic Risk and Nutrient Intake Interactions on Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

IF 8 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity Reviews Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI:10.1111/obr.13941

Guiomar Masip, Hannah Yang Han, Tongzhu Meng, Daiva E Nielsen

{"title":"Polygenic Risk and Nutrient Intake Interactions on Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Guiomar Masip, Hannah Yang Han, Tongzhu Meng, Daiva E Nielsen","doi":"10.1111/obr.13941","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diet is an important determinant of body weight and may modulate genetic susceptibility to obesity.Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence related to interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify observational studies that assessed interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity-related outcomes. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for pooled polygenic risk score (PRS)-total fat intake and PRS-protein intake interaction coefficients on body mass index (BMI).Results: Twenty-six publications were retrieved with studies conducted among European, Asian, and African samples. Dietary fats (saturated fat, omega-3, and trans fat) and energy intake were most frequently reported to interact with PRS on obesity outcomes, but the total number of studies available was low. No significant interactions were identified in meta-analyses of PRS interactions with total fat intake and protein intake on BMI. Several studies were rated as low quality, heterogeneity was high, and although study samples were racially diverse, PRSs tended to be based on samples of European ancestry.Conclusion: Evidence of interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes is limited and inconsistent. Further research addressing limitations related to study quality and polygenic risk characterization is needed.","PeriodicalId":216,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e13941"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Obesity Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13941","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Diet is an important determinant of body weight and may modulate genetic susceptibility to obesity.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence related to interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify observational studies that assessed interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity-related outcomes. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for pooled polygenic risk score (PRS)-total fat intake and PRS-protein intake interaction coefficients on body mass index (BMI).

Results: Twenty-six publications were retrieved with studies conducted among European, Asian, and African samples. Dietary fats (saturated fat, omega-3, and trans fat) and energy intake were most frequently reported to interact with PRS on obesity outcomes, but the total number of studies available was low. No significant interactions were identified in meta-analyses of PRS interactions with total fat intake and protein intake on BMI. Several studies were rated as low quality, heterogeneity was high, and although study samples were racially diverse, PRSs tended to be based on samples of European ancestry.

Conclusion: Evidence of interactions between polygenic risk and nutrient intakes on obesity outcomes is limited and inconsistent. Further research addressing limitations related to study quality and polygenic risk characterization is needed.

查看原文本刊更多论文

多基因风险和营养摄入对肥胖结局的相互作用：观察性研究的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：饮食是体重的重要决定因素，并可能调节肥胖的遗传易感性。目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在综合多基因风险和营养摄入对肥胖结局的相互作用的相关证据。方法：系统地检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science和Cochrane Library，以确定评估多基因风险和营养摄入对肥胖相关结果之间相互作用的观察性研究。对多基因风险评分(PRS)-总脂肪摄入量和PRS-蛋白质摄入量对体重指数（BMI）的相互作用系数进行随机效应荟萃分析。结果：在欧洲、亚洲和非洲样本中检索了26篇出版物。膳食脂肪（饱和脂肪、omega-3和反式脂肪）和能量摄入最常被报道与PRS对肥胖结果的相互作用，但现有的研究总数很低。在总脂肪摄入量和蛋白质摄入量对BMI的影响的meta分析中，没有发现显著的相互作用。一些研究被评为低质量，异质性高，尽管研究样本种族多样，PRSs倾向于基于欧洲血统的样本。结论：多基因风险和营养摄入对肥胖结局的相互作用证据有限且不一致。需要进一步研究解决与研究质量和多基因风险表征相关的局限性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Obesity Reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

19.30

自引率

1.10%

发文量

130

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Obesity Reviews is a monthly journal publishing reviews on all disciplines related to obesity and its comorbidities. This includes basic and behavioral sciences, clinical treatment and outcomes, epidemiology, prevention and public health. The journal should, therefore, appeal to all professionals with an interest in obesity and its comorbidities. Review types may include systematic narrative reviews, quantitative meta-analyses and narrative reviews but all must offer new insights, critical or novel perspectives that will enhance the state of knowledge in the field. The editorial policy is to publish high quality peer-reviewed manuscripts that provide needed new insight into all aspects of obesity and its related comorbidities while minimizing the period between submission and publication.