T. Nel, C. E. Clarke, M. L. Francis, D. Babenko, D. Breecker, D. A. Cowan, T. Gallagher, J. R. McAuliffe, M. Trindade
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Oxalate salts in organic matter are potential substrates for the oxalate-carbonate pathway, which can sequester carbon in drylands. We compared calcium oxalate (CaOx) and water-soluble oxalate (SOx) concentrations of samples of vegetation and termite excrement (frass) collected from termite mounds in sites across a regional rainfall gradient in western South Africa. We developed mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic models to quantify oxalate components in vegetation extracts (n = 30) and frass samples (n = 39). The MIR spectroscopic method was more efficient than chemical analytical techniques of oxalate measurement. The median CaOx concentration of plants (0.311 mmol g−1) was four times greater than frass (0.081 mmol g−1), which may be explained by degradation of oxalates by microorganisms or selective harvesting of low-oxalate vegetation by termites. The mean CaOx content of frass from sites in mesic regions (0.042 mmol g−1) was lower relative to frass from sites in more arid regions (0.156 mmol g−1), and lower in termite mounds (0.048 mmol g−1) compared with off-mound samples (0.131 mmol g−1). Frass collected from sites with higher rainfall had a lower mean SOx content (0.006 mmol g−1, respectively) compared with frass from sites with lower rainfall (0.013 mmol g−1, respectively). This may be attributed to faster degradation of CaOx in soils with greater moisture content. Estimated annual inputs of carbon (17.6 kg mound−1) and calcium (2.55 kg mound−1, 20% of which occurs as CaOx) due to termite frass deposition may be instrumental in the formation of calcite via the oxalate-carbonate pathway in soils of earthen mounds occupied by termites. This work is relevant to modeling carbon storage in drylands where termites are significant consumers of vegetation.
期刊介绍:
The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.